| 引用本文: | 翟登攀,蒋 静,白宇龙,等.全膜双垄沟播条件下施氮量对玉米耗水特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(1):24-30. |
| ,et al.全膜双垄沟播条件下施氮量对玉米耗水特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(1):24-30. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索全膜双垄沟播玉米适宜的施氮量。【方法】以春玉米为研究材料，品种为中地88，设置4个施氮量水平（N0：不施氮；N1：225 kg/hm2；N2：275 kg/hm2；N3：325 kg/hm2），采用田间随机区组试验的方法，测定了玉米在不同生育时期的土壤含水率、株高、叶面积、产量和产量构成因子，计算了玉米的耗水量和水氮利用效率。【结果】玉米全生育期的总耗水量表现为：N3处理＞N2处理＞N1处理＞N0处理，分别为524.7、520.9、496.6、456.7 mm。不同生育时期的玉米株高及玉米叶面积指数，基本上符合随着施氮量的增加而增加的趋势。N1、N2、N3处理的玉米穗长、穗粒数、百粒质量、生物产量、籽粒产量及水分利用效率均显著高于N0、N1处理和N2处理，N1处理和N3处理分别差异显著（p＜0.05）；N2处理和N3处理差异不显著。各施氮处理的氮肥偏生产力表现为：N1处理＞N2处理＞N3处理；N2处理的氮肥农学利用效率较N1处理和N3处理分别高52.3%和13.7%，N1、N2、N3处理差异显著（p＜0.05）。【结论】综合考虑春玉米产量及水氮利用效率等因素，275 kg/hm2为该试验区全膜双垄沟播玉米栽培的最佳施氮量。 |
| 关键词: 全膜双垄沟播；施氮量；耗水特性；产量；水氮利用效率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019018 |
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| Nitrogen Applications Affect Water Consumption and Yield of Maize Grown in Double-furrowed Raised Bed with Full Film Mulch |
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ZHAI Dengpan, JIANG Jing* , BAI Yulong, ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Chaobo
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College of Water Resources Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Raised bed with its surface mulched is an efficient cultivation to improve water use efficiency in arid and semi-arid regions. This paper aims to investigate how nitrogen applications affect yield and water consumption of spring maize grown in double-furrowed raised bed with full film mulching.【Method】Cultivar of Zhongdi 88 was used as the model plant and four nitrogen applications were compared: no application (N0), 225 kg/hm2 (N1), 275 kg/hm2 (N2) and 325 kg/hm2 (N3). The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks and in each treatment, we measured soil water content, plant height, leaf area, yield and yield components of the maize at different growing stages. We also calculated its overall water consumption and nitrogen use efficiency.【Result】 Water consumption in the four treatments was in the order of N3>N2>N1>N0, with their associated value being 524.7, 520.9, 496.6 and 456.7 mm respectively. Plant height and leaf area index at all growth stages increased with nitrogen application. Nitrogen application significantly (p<0.05) increased ear length, kernel number, 100-grain weight, biomass yield, grain yield and water use efficiency. There were significant differences between N1 and other two nitrogen applications (p<0.05), although the difference between N2 and N3 was insignificant. The partial productivity of the nitrogen application was in the order of N1>N2>N3. Compared with N2, the agronomic utilization efficiency of the nitrogen in N1 and N3 reduced significantly by 34.3 and 12.0% respectively (p<0.05). 【Conclusion】In terms of yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency, applying nitrogen at 275 kg/hm2 is optimal for maize grown in double-furrowed raised bed with full film mulching. |
| Key words: Full-film mulching; double-furrowed raised bed; nitrogen application; water consumption; maize yield; water and nitrogen use efficiency |
