| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨脱硫石膏与有机物料配施对河套灌区盐碱地的改良效果及向日葵生长的影响。【方法】采用田间小区试验，试验设置对照（CK）、脱硫石膏（S）、腐殖酸（F）、黄腐酸（H）单施与脱硫石膏和腐殖酸（SF）、脱硫石膏和黄腐酸（SH）配施6个处理，分别于种植前和收获后采集0~20、20~40 cm土样测定土壤盐分和pH值，作物生育期测定作物生长指标，收获时测定作物产量。【结果】在0~40 cm土层中，5种改良剂呈现出不同程度的抑盐效果，其中SF处理降盐效果最好，0~20、20~40 cm土层中的盐分相对降低率分别较CK降低94.30%、65.11%；H处理降低pH值效果最好，0~20、20~40 cm土层pH值降低值分别较CK降低0.375、0.735个单位；SF处理对向日葵产量增产效果最好，较CK增加51.63%。【结论】施用不同改良剂均对土壤改良及向日葵生长有一定的积极效果，其中施用SF改良剂在降盐和向日葵增产效果方面均较为显著，是河套灌区重度盐碱区较为适用的盐碱改良剂。 |
| 关键词: 脱硫石膏；腐殖酸；黄腐酸；土壤改良；盐碱地；向日葵产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019282 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Combining Desulfurization Gypsum and Organic Materials to Improve Soil Quality and Sunflower Growth in Hetao Irrigation District |
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GAO Huimin, WANG Xiangping, QU Zhongyi, YANG Jingsong, YAO Rongjiang
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1.College of Civil and Water Conservancy Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science,
Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Soil salinization is a global concern affecting agricultural productions in almost every country. There are approximately 9.54 million hm2 of salt-affected lands in the world, 4% of which, 0.35 million hm2, are in China. Hetao Irrigated District, located in an arid and semiarid area in Inner Mongolia, is one of the three major irrigation areas in China. It is deluged by soil salinity due to the double whammy of scarce rainfall and large evaporation, which is further aggravated by poor drainage and irrigation management and shallow groundwater. Apparently, approximately 69% of soils in the district are saline-alkali, hampering its agricultural development. Remediating the saline-alkali soils is thus urgently needed.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to present an experiment study aimed to test the efficacy of using desulfurization gypsum and organic matters to improve soil quality and sunflower growth.【Method】The experimental site was located in Hang Jin Hou with a typical temperate continental climate. There was one harvest a year and planted mainly with sunflower, corn or spring wheat. The experimental area was flooding-irrigated prior to sowing and after harvest, respectively. During the experiment, the depth of groundwater level varied between 1.0 m and 1.5 m while the annual groundwater table depth is in1.0 to 3.0 m. We compared five treatments: Application of desulphurized gypsum (S), humic acid (H) and fulvic acid (F) in isolation, application of desulphurized gypsum and humic acid (SF), desulphurized gypsum and fulvic acid (SH) in combination. Without soil amendment was taken as the control (CK). In each treatment, soil samples were taken from 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers prior to sowing and after harvest, respectively, to measure salt content and soil pH. Plant growth indexes and grain yield were also measured.【Result】All treatments reduced salt content in the 0~40 cm soil although the reduction varied with treatments. SF was most effective in ameliorating salt accumulation, reducing salt content in 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers by 94.3% and 65.11% respectively, compared with the CK. The H treatment affected soil pH most, reducing its value in 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers by 0.375 and 0.735, respectively, compared with the CK. SF significantly increased grain yield by 51.63% compared to the CK.【Conclusion】Amending soil with all five improvers had a positive effect on soil quality and sunflower growth, with SF amendment most effective in reducing salt content and improving grain yield. |
| Key words: desulfurization gypsum; humic acid; fulvic acid; soil improvement; saline-alkali soil; sunflower yield |
