| 引用本文: | 姚 玲,杨 洋,孙贯芳,等.基于地统计分析的河套灌区地下水埋深与矿化度时空变异规律研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(8):111-121. |
| ,et al.基于地统计分析的河套灌区地下水埋深与矿化度时空变异规律研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(8):111-121. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究河套灌区地下水埋深和矿化度的时空变异规律。【方法】以内蒙古河套灌区为研究区域，应用地统计学方法和ArcGIS等工具分别研究了1998—2017年灌区地下水埋深和矿化度的时空变异性和空间分布及其影响因素。【结果】①从1998—2017年灌区地下水埋深及其空间变异性逐渐增大，地下水矿化度及其空间变异性先增大后减小。地下水埋深和矿化度的块金系数均较小，表明其主要影响因素为灌区的环境。地下水矿化度块金系数逐渐增大，空间结构性变差，受人为因素影响造成的随机变异性增强。地下水埋深及矿化度的空间自相关性距离逐渐增大，空间连续性逐渐增强；②灌区西南部沿黄河附近地下水埋深相对较浅，基本在2 m以下；西北部和东北部沿狼山山前地下水埋深相对较深，部分区域埋深可达10 m以上，机电井的分布与地下水埋深高值区域的分布相似。矿化度较高的区域分布在灌区西北部和东南部地区，西南及中部局部地区地下水矿化度较低；③丰水年大量的降雨对灌区整体地下水的补给作用，使得丰水年地下水埋深较浅，地下水得到淡化使其矿化度减小。【结论】地下水矿化度较高的区域地下水埋深相对较小，地下水矿化度较低的区域地下水埋深相对较大。 |
| 关键词: 河套灌区；地下水埋深；地下水矿化度；地统计学；GIS；空间变异 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019249 |
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| Spatiotemporal Variation in Depth of Groundwater Table and Water Salinity in Hetao Irrigation District Estimated Using Geostatistics |
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YAO Ling, YANG Yang, SUN Guanfang, ZHU Yan*, YANG Jinzhong
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The State Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Soil moisture and soil salt are important abiotic factors limiting crop growth in irrigated farmland. Soil salinization is the consequence of the interplay of soil water movement, depth of groundwater table and the concentration of soluble salts. Understanding spatiotemporal variation in depth and salinity of groundwater is hence critical to preventing soil salinization and improving groundwater management, especially for Hetao Irrigation district. With the quota of the Yellow River water for the district reduced and water-saving projects implemented over the recent years, the hydrological cycle and spatiotemporal distribution in groundwater table and salinity have both substantially changed.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatiotemporal variation in groundwater table and salinity, as well as their determinants across the irrigation district.【Method】We used long-term experimental data measured from the district between 1998 to 2017, and analyzed them using GIS, geostatistics, descriptive statistics, semi-variogram and Kriging analysis.【Result】①The groundwater table and its spatial variability increased monotonically while the groundwater salinity and its spatial variability increased first followed by a decline during the studied period. The nugget coefficient of the groundwater table and water salinity was small, indicating that they were affected by environments more than by anthroponotic activities. The nugget coefficient of the groundwater salinity increased monotonically and its spatial structure consequently collapsed, alluding an increase in random variability caused by anthroponotic activities. The spatial autocorrelation distance of both groundwater table and water salinity increased steadily, implying an increase in spatial continuity of the groundwater. ②The groundwater was shallow along the Yellow River in the southwest of the district, with its depth in most areas < 2 m. In contrast, groundwater table in the northwest and northeast along the Wolf Mountains in the district was deep, with its depth >10 m in most areas. Groundwater salinity was mainly in the northwest and southeast, while salt content in the groundwater was low in the southwest and central pater of the district. ③Groundwater table rose and water salinity decreased in wet years due to increased recharge.【Conclusion】The groundwater table was relatively shallow in regions with high groundwater salinity, while deep in regions with low groundwater salinity. Spatial variation in groundwater salinity is associated with spatial variation in groundwater depth and the groundwater table can thus be used as an indicator to regulate soil salinization management. |
| Key words: Hetao Irrigation District; groundwater depth; groundwater salinity; geostatistics; GIS; spatial variation |
