| 摘要: |
| 【目的】实现黄河流域灌区农业用水科学管理和水资源优化配置。【方法】根据国家和流域管理政策以及黄河流域灌区农业用水实际，将黄河流域灌区农业研究发展历程分为初步发展阶段、快速发展阶段、创新发展阶段、系统深入发展阶段以及划时代发展阶段；对黄河流域灌区农业用水主要研究内容进行梳理，从机理研究、方法研究和尺度研究3个方面总结了黄河灌区农业用水研究现状。【结果】目前农业用水机理研究主要集中于水与作物作用机理研究、作物的耗用水机理研究和农业水循环转化研究3个方面，农业用水方法研究集中于根据研究方法的空间范围划分和根据实际应用的具体研究方法划分2个层次的研究以及包括微观尺度试验、中观尺度灌域和宏观尺度区域的农业用水空间尺度研究。【结论】未来灌区用水研究应加强水与农业的基础性试验研究，明晰农业用水及其相关机理，并且加强农业用水方法及其应用的研究。 |
| 关键词: 黄河流域；灌区；农业用水；发展历程；研究展望 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020263 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Past, Current and Future Prospect for Research on Agricultural Water Use in Irrigation Districts in the Yellow River Basin |
|
ZHANG Jinping, XIAO Honglin
|
|
1. School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; 2. Yellow River Institute for Ecological Protection & Regional Coordinated Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Background】 The Yellow River basin is massive, with its physical and geographical conditions and socioeconomic development varying spatially. As such, all irrigation districts in the basin should be developed in coordination due to the decline in available water in the whole basin over the past decades. As irrigation is the main consumption of water in the river, it is essential to develop water-saving agriculture so as to improve water use efficiency and make agricultural production in the basin more sustainable.【Objective】The objective of this paper is to analyze the potential to improve agricultural water management and optimize allocation of the river water for irrigation.【Method】The analysis was based on both national policies and policies of the basin authority on water management, as well as the demand of agricultural production for water in all irrigation areas in the basin. From the historical data, agricultural development in the irrigation districts in the basin was divided into the following stages: preliminary developmental stage, rapid developmental stage, innovating developmental stage, systematically advanced developmental stage, and epoch-making developmental stage. The current research on agricultural water usage in the basin was analyzed from three aspects based on the nature of the research: research focusing on fundamental mechanisms, methodology research, and research conducted at different scales.【Result】Most mechanistic research on agricultural water in the basin focuses on water-crop interaction and the mechanisms involved in water consumption by crops and agricultural water cycling. The methodology research focuses on two levels: one is spatial scope of research methods and the other is practical application. The scale-related research includes experiments conducted at microscale, mesoscale and macroscale. We also proposed the prospects for future research on agricultural water use, water saving awareness, application of information technology, and systematic use of agricultural water in the basin. 【Conclusion】 Our analysis suggested that future research on agriculture water in the irrigation areas in the basin should focus on fundamental experimental research, understanding the mechanisms involved in agricultural water usage and promoting research and application of new methodologies. |
| Key words: Yellow River basin; irrigation districts; agricultural water; research prospect |
