| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究适宜的水肥管理方案。【方法】设置不同水肥组合即：低水（1 800 m3/hm2）、中水（2 250 m3/hm2）、高水（2 700 m3/hm2），低肥（300 kg/hm2）、中肥（375 kg/hm2）、高肥（450 kg/hm2）共9个处理，并以当地一般灌水量和施肥量为对照（CK）的田间试验，研究了不同处理下玉米产量和水肥利用效率的变化。【结果】玉米耗水量随灌水量和施肥量的增加而增加。尽管CK耗水量和产量高于9个水肥处理，但其水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力不高。高水中肥处理与CK相比减产4.1%，但其减产率为各处理中的最小，其水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力较CK分别提高22.2%、53.5%，且均大于其他处理。【结论】基于遗传算法的投影寻踪聚类（RAGA-PPCE）评价结果表明灌水2 700 m3/hm2、施肥375 kg/hm2为最优水肥组合，为研究区较适宜的灌溉施肥制度。 |
| 关键词: 灌溉；施肥；玉米；产量；水分利用效率；氮肥偏生产力 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020349 |
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| Optimizing Maize Fertilization in Hetao Irrigation Area Using the Projection Pursuit Cluster Evaluation Model |
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DAI Jialu, LI Ruiping, LI Congcong, LU Yaoze, ZOU Cunjing
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1. School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;2. Bayannur Water Conservancy Research Institute, Bayannur 015000, China;3. Yongji Irrigation Area Administration of Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia, Bayannur 015000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Previous studies on maize production in Hetan irrigation district had been to seek high yield and high irrigation water and fertilizer use efficiency. With policies on agricultural production in Hetao irrigated shifting to maintaining average yields while in the meantime reducing water and fertilizer application by improving their use efficiency, there is a lack of study on appropriate irrigation and fertilization that could achieve this goal.【Objective】The purpose of the this paper is to experimentally investigate the impact of different combinations of irrigation amount and nitrogen fertilizer on maize yield and its water efficiency (WUE). We calculated the partial productivity, and the optimal irrigation and fertilization was calculated using the combination of projection pursuit clustering evaluation model and the genetic algorithm.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a maize field in Hetao irrigation district. We compared three irrigation levels: 1 800 m3/hm2, 2 250 m3/hm2, 2 700 m3/hm2, and three fertilization levels: 300 kg/hm2, 375 kg/hm2 and 450 kg/hm2, with irrigation and fertilization used by local farmers as control (CK). In each treatment, we measured yield and water use efficiency of the maize.【Result】The water consumed by the maize increased with irrigation and fertilizer, and at the same fertilization level, water consumption of the maize increased significantly with irrigation. With the increase in fertilization and irrigation, the yield and water use efficiency of the maize, along with the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer, all increased first and then trended downward. Compared with CK, irrigating 2 700 m3/hm2 of water coupled with 375 kg/hm2 of fertilization increased water use efficiency by 22.2% and productivity of nitrogen fertilizer by 53.5%. Reducing irrigation to less than 2 700 m3/hm2 and increasing fertilization over 375 kg/hm2 led to reductions in yield, water use efficiency and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer. Both water consumption and yield of the CK were higher than other treatments, but its use efficiency of water and nitrogen fertilizer was low. The results calculated from the projection pursuit cluster (RAGA-PPCE) based on the genetic algorithm showed that of all treatments, irrigating 2 700 m3/hm2 and fertilizing 375 kg/hm2 was optimal for this region.【Conclusion】Comparative field experiment revealed that irrigation of 2 700 m3/hm2 coupled with 375 kg/hm2 of fertilization was optimal for sustaining maize yield while in the meantime improving the use efficiency of both water and fertilizer in Hetao irrigated area. |
| Key words: irrigation; fertilization; maize; water use efficiency; partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer |
