| 摘要: |
| 【目的】了解区域水体污染物时空的相似性和差异性特征，为水环境管理部门治理区域水环境提供依据。【方法】利用河南省2009—2017年36个监测站点水体污染物（COD和NH3-N）的逐月平均质量浓度，通过统计分析了水体污染物的分布特征，利用M-K检验法分析了水体污染物的变化趋势及突变情况，利用聚类分析分析了水体污染物在时间和空间上的相似性和差异性特征。【结果】COD和NH3-N平均质量浓度最大的监测站点分别为舞阳栗园桥和睢县板桥，最小的监测站点均为叶舞公路桥；COD和NH3-N平均质量浓度超过III类水质标准的监测站点分别达到了66.67%和61.67%，COD和NH3-N平均质量浓度均为III类水质标准及以下的监测站点仅有9个；COD和NH3-N质量浓度呈现显著性减小趋势的监测站点分别有25个和26个，仅有个别监测站点存在显著增加趋势；郾城漯邓桥和渑池吴庄站点的COD质量浓度发生明显突变，郾城漯邓桥、鹿邑东孙营和白沙水库站点的NH3-N质量浓度发生明显突变；水体污染物COD和NH3-N在时间和空间上的分布基本上具有一致性，在2月、3月和5月水体污染物污染程度较大的监测站点相对较多，在7—9月、11月和12月水体污染物污染程度较小的监测站点相对较多。【结论】河南省水体污染物污染程度仍然较为严重，但其整体上呈现减小趋势，水环境污染情况逐渐改善，各监测站点的水体污染物在时间和空间分布上具有一致性。 |
| 关键词: 河南省；水体污染物；时空分布特征；M-K检验；聚类分析 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019227 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Spatiotemporal Variation of Pollutants in Water Bodies from 2009 to 2017 in Henan Province |
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ZHANG Yan, LIANG Zhijie, LI Ping, DOU Ming, HUANG Zhongdong, QI Xuebin
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1.Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002,China; 2.Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro‑Products on Water Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453002, China; 3. Key Laboratory of High-efficient and Safe Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; 4. School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Managing and remediating aquatic ecosystems needs to understand the dynamics of pollutants in them, and the purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatiotemporal change in contaminants in water bodies across Henan province.【Method】Data measured in 2009—2017 from 36 stations across the province were analyzed. The temporal variation in pollutant concentrations at each station was statistically analyzed using the M-K test method, and the spatiotemporal similarity and difference in monthly-average concentration of COD and NH3-N across the province were calculated using the cluster analysis method.【Result】The maximum average concentrations of COD and NH3-N were at Liyuan Bridge in Wuyang county, and Banqiao in Sui county respectively, while the minimum average concentrations of both COD and NH3-N concentration were at Highway bridge in Yewu. Of the 36 stations, 66.67% and 61.67% had their average concentrations of COD and NH3-N exceed the class III Water Quality Standards, respectively. There were only nine stations where the average concentrations of COD and NH3-N reached or exceeded the Class III Water Quality Standards . It also found that 25 stations had seen their COD and 26 stations seen their NH3-N concentration declining steadily in 2009—2017, and only a few stations saw an opposite trend in their COD and NH3-N concentrations. There was an abrupt change in COD concentration at Luodeng Bridge in Yancheng county and Wuzhuang in Mianchi county, while for NH3-N concentration, there was an abrupt change at Luodeng Bridge in Yancheng county, Dongsunying in Luyi county and the Baisha reservoir. The pollutant concentrations measured from the 36 stations were spatiotemporally consistent, relatively high in February, March and May, and low from July to September, as well as in November and December.【Objective】Water pollution in Henan province was still high, although it has been improving, with pollutant concentration in all stations being spatiotemporal consistent. |
| Key words: Henan province; water pollutants; Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics; Mann-Kendall test method; Cluster analysis |
