| 摘要: |
| 土壤水分是植物生存及生长发育的物质基础，不仅决定植被的分布格局，而且对作物的产量及品质等均具有重要影响。生物质炭因其特殊的孔隙结构和肥力等特征，在改善土壤水分、提高土壤肥力、促进作物生长及增加产量等方面具有重要意义。然而，因生物质炭种类、颗粒大小、裂解温度、施用量及施入土壤类型等的不同，导致炭添加后对土壤水分等方面的影响存在较大差异，限制了生物质炭在农业生产及土壤改良等方面的广泛应用。为深入理解生物质炭对土壤水分的影响，从土壤水动力学参数、土壤含水率、蒸散发及水分利用效率等方面对生物质炭添加的响应进行总结，并就生物质炭与土壤水分之间的相互关系研究进行了展望，以期为生物质炭更好的服务于土壤改良及农业生产提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 生物质炭；土壤水力学参数；土壤水分；水分利用效率；蒸散发 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020091 |
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| The Effect of Biochar Amendment on Soil Moisture: A Review |
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SUN Shuchen, ZHAO Xin, ZHAI Sheng, TIAN Xiaofei, LI Jianbao, ZHU Chao, ZHENG Yunzhu
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1. School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; 2. School of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Finance & Economics, Nanjing 210023, China; 3. Human Resources Department, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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| Abstract: |
| Soil water is essential for plants to survive and the subsequent growth and development. It determines not only the types of biomes at catchment and continental scales, but also controls the yield and quality of crops at plot and regional scales. Notwithstanding this, water shortage has become a limiting factor in developing sustainable agriculture in many arid and semi-arid regions. Amending soil with biochar could play an important role in improving soil moisture, enhancing soil fertility and promoting crop growth and yield, because of its unique interior structure and fertility. Biochar could be manufactured from different organic materials including straw, trucks or branches of crops, or dung and domestic wastes under different temperatures. Amending soil with biochar to improve soil quality and decontaminate soil has attracted increased attention over the past decades. However, how maternal nature of the biochar and its application rate affect soil quality is an issue remaining obscure. The effects of adding biochar on change in soil water, soil hydraulic properties, evapotranspiration, water use efficiency, crop growth and yield are still poorly understood, limiting extensive application of biochar in agriculture production and soil remediation. In this paper we review the response of soil water, soil hydraulic properties, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency to biochar application, with a view to help improve biochar application and agriculture production. The review covers the types and amounts of biochar suitable for different soil types and crops, the efficacy of biochar in improving water use efficiency of crops, as well as its long-term impact on eco-hydrological processes in arid and semi-arid regions, especially in ecologically fragile areas. This review has implications in helping improve our understanding of the effects of biochar on soil moisture and provide references for effectively utilizing water and fertilizer in food production, vegetation restoration and construction of ecological and environmental systems. |
| Key words: biochar; soil hydraulic properties; soil moisture; water use efficiency; evapotranspiration |
