| 引用本文: | 裴青宝,余 雷,孔琼菊,等.红壤丘陵区多点源滴灌硝态氮运移特性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(12):49-56. |
| ,et al.红壤丘陵区多点源滴灌硝态氮运移特性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(12):49-56. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】掌握红壤丘陵区水肥一体化滴灌硝态氮（NO3--N）的迁移分布规律，为脐橙滴灌参数的设计及水肥管理提供指导。【方法】通过田间试验，研究不同滴灌流量和滴头间距条件下NO3--N在土体内的迁移分布规律，并借助Hydrus-3D建立了多点源红壤田间水分溶质运移模型。【结果】滴头间距流量均对养分分布、交汇的范围有较大的影响；滴头间距相同时，流量越大，滴灌灌水后湿润体的交汇范围越大，NO3--N交汇范围也相应增加。而流量相同时，间距越大，湿润体的交汇范围越小，易在灌溉中形成施肥的空白区致使作物根系附近养分较少；Hydrus-3D模拟结果表明，模拟值与实测值的平均误差在11%以内。【结论】适宜于红壤丘陵地区脐橙滴灌参数为：滴头间距为30 cm、滴头流量为1 L/h；Hydrus-3D模型可以用于红壤区域养分迁移分布的数值模拟。 |
| 关键词: 红壤丘陵地区；多点源滴灌；NO3--N；数值模拟 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019184 |
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| Nitrate Movement in Red Soils under Drip Fertigation in Hilly Areas: Experiment and 3D Simulation |
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PEI Qingbao, YU Lei, KONG Qiongju, CHEN Ruonan, WAN Yiguo
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1.Jiangxi Water Conservancy Research Institute, Nanchang 330099, China; 2.Nanchang Engineering College, Nanchang 330099, China; 3. Rural water Management Administration, Ningbo Resources Bureau, Ningbo 315000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Drip irrigation combined with fertilization has been widely used to irrigate various cash crops to meet their simultaneous requirement for both water and nutrients. It is not only efficient in water and fertilizer use, but also flexible to be used at different terrains. The design parameters of drip irrigation affect water and fertilizer distribution in soil, thereby their use efficiency by crops. Soil texture, topography and the amount of irrigation and fertilization are factors that affect water and fertilizer distribution during and following an irrigation.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to investigate nitrate distribution in red soil under drip fertigation in hilly areas aimed to provide a guidance for designing drip fertigation system in such areas.【Method】Field experiments were conducted at a hilly orange orchard to measure migration and distribution of NO3 in red soil under drip fertigation with different emitter spacing; a solute transport model was developed to simulate movement of nitrate emanating from multi-point sources from the irrigation system using the Hydrus-3D.【Result】Both emitter spacing and dripping rate affected nitrate movement and distribution in the soil. Under the same emitter spacing, increasing the dripping rate made the wetting fronts emanating from different emitters merge more quickly and NO3- spread more widely. When the dripping rate was the same, increasing emitter spacing made the wetting fronts originating from different emitters difficult to merge, resulting in non-wetting zones and thus reducing the availability of nutrients for the crops to take up. The average errors between the Hydrus-3D simulations and the measured data were less than 11%, and the model accurately reproduced water and nitrate movement in the soil.【Conclusion】The parameters suitable for drip fertigation of the orchards on the hilly red soil are: emitter spacing 30 cm, dripping rate 1 L/h. The Hydrus-3D can be used to simulate water and nutrients movement in the red soil. |
| Key words: hilly red soil; multi-point sources drip irrigation; nitrate movement; 3D numerical simulation |
