| 引用本文: | 甄 博,郭瑞琪,周新国,等.孕穗期高温与涝对水稻光合特性和产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(4):45-51. |
| ZHEN Bo,GUO Ruiqi,ZHOU Xinguo,et al.孕穗期高温与涝对水稻光合特性和产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(4):45-51. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究孕穗期高温与涝胁迫对水稻光合特性和产量的影响。【方法】采用盆栽试验，设置3个胁迫处理，分别为涝胁迫（T1，15 cm），高温胁迫（T2），高温×涝胁迫（T3，15 cm），以浅水勤灌为对照（CK），分析了孕穗期高温与涝胁迫条件下水稻光合特性和产量变化。【结果】孕穗期胁迫结束后，T2处理相比CK降低了水稻的光合速率，较降低了30.77%，T3处理会增加水稻叶片的SPAD值和光合速率以及气孔导度，尤其是气孔导度较CK显著增加了51.90%；所有胁迫处理的地上部干物质量都低于CK，直至成熟期，T1、T2和T3处理的地上部干物质量分别较CK显著降低了6.65%、32.40%和12.98%；T2和T3处理均会降低水稻产量，且分别较CK显著减产80.09%和12.33%，千粒质量分别较CK下降了16.31%和11.86%；且T3处理千粒质量和产量分别较T2处理显著增加了5.32%和3.40倍。【结论】水稻孕穗期若遭遇极端高温天气时，可以将田间水层保持在15 cm左右，以缓解高温对水稻造成的热害。 |
| 关键词: 水稻；高温与涝胁迫；SPAD；光合特性；产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020402 |
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| The Effects of Thermal and Waterlogging Stresses at Booting Stage on Photosynthesis and Yield of Rice |
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ZHEN Bo, GUO Ruiqi, ZHOU Xinguo, LI Huizhen,NIU Qinglin, QIU Husen, TIAN Guangli, LI Sanjun
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1. Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; 2. National Agro-ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, China;3. Water Administration Supervision Detachment of Alxa League, Alxa 750300, China; 4. Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Wugang City, Wugang 462541, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Crops often endure various biotic and abiotic stresses during their growth. This paper investigates how thermal and waterlogging stresses occurring at booting stage affect photosynthesis and the ultimate yield of paddy field rice.【Method】The experiments were conducted in pots and consisted of four treatments: waterlogging stress by keeping the water on the soil surface 15 cm deep (T1), higher them stress (T2), high thermal stress combined with the waterlogging stress (T3). Conventional irrigation with water on the soil surface kept at 0~5 cm deep was taken as the control (CK). In each treatment, we measured the change in SPAD, photosynthetic traits and yield of the rice.【Result】Compared to CK, T2 reduced the photosynthetic rate by 30.77%, while T3 increased SPAD, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of the leaves by up to 51.90%. Compared to CK, the impact of the stresses occurring at booting stage on shoot growth lasted into mature stage. It hence reduced the yield, especially T2 and T3 which reduced the rice yield by 80.09% and 12.33%, and 1 000-grain weight by 16.31% and 11.86% respectively.【Conclusion】To alleviate the adverse impact of thermal stress at the booting stage on yield, water in the soil surface should be kept about 15 cm deep to ameliorate the potential thermal damage. |
| Key words: rice; thermal and waterlogging stress; SPAD; photosynthetic traits; yield |
