滴灌水量对设施土壤养分分布和黄瓜养分吸收的影响

张泽锦; 王力明; 唐 丽; 李跃建

引用本文:	张泽锦,王力明,唐丽,等.滴灌水量对设施土壤养分分布和黄瓜养分吸收的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(9):72-78.
	ZHANG Zejin,,WANG Liming,TANG Li,et al.滴灌水量对设施土壤养分分布和黄瓜养分吸收的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(9):72-78.

【打印本页】【下载PDF全文】【查看/发表评论】【EndNote】【RefMan】【BibTex】

←前一篇|后一篇→

过刊浏览高级检索

本文已被：浏览 1778次下载 2140次	码上扫一扫！
分享到：微信更多字体:加大+\|默认\|缩小-
滴灌水量对设施土壤养分分布和黄瓜养分吸收的影响
张泽锦，王力明，唐丽，李跃建
（1.四川省农业科学院园艺研究所/蔬菜种质与品种创新四川省重点实验室，成都 610066； 2.农业农村部西南地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室，成都 610066； 3.四川省农业科学院，成都 610066）

摘要:

【目的】探讨滴灌水量对设施土壤养分分布和黄瓜果实养分吸收的影响。【方法】以“川翠13号”黄瓜品种为试验对象，在大棚内进行膜下滴灌试验，设置5个灌水量处理，分别控制土壤体积含水率在25%~30%（T1）、35%~40%（T2）、45%~50%（T3）、55%~60%（T4）、65%~70%（T5），探讨了不同滴灌水量对设施土壤养分分布和黄瓜养分吸收的影响。【结果】随着灌水量增加，土壤硝态氮、有效磷和速效钾均有下渗，黄瓜产量逐渐增加，其中，T5处理的产量最高，与T1处理相比，增加了55.60%；T4处理的黄瓜果实养分积累量和吸收率均为最高，N、P2O5、K2O积累量分别比T1处理增加了58.23%、46.53%和48.25%，N、P2O5、K2O吸收率分别为30.95%、7.74%和57.62%。【结论】最佳滴灌水量是3 288.60 m3/hm2（T4处理），在黄瓜目标产量一定的前提下，适当的提高灌水量，可以提高养分吸收率，达到以水促肥，减少化肥施用的目的。

关键词: 滴灌水量; 土壤养分; 黄瓜; 产量; 养分吸收率

DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021055

分类号:

基金项目:

Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency in Facility Production of Cucumber by Regulating Drip Irrigation Amount

ZHANG Zejin, WANG Liming, TANG Li*, LI Yuejian

(1. Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; 3. Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China)

Abstract:

【Background】Optimizing irrigation amount can save water and fertilizer use without compromising crop yield, especially for facility agriculture where long-term application of fertilizers often results in nutrient accumulation and enhance gas emission due to the lack of natural leaching of the nutrients. However, there is limited study on how changes in drip irrigation amount and timing affect nutrient distribution and its uptake by crops. The aim of this paper is to plug this gap.【Method】We take facility production of cucumber in Sichuan province as an example and used the variety of Chuancui 13 as the model crop. There were five irrigation treatments which were to control the volumetric soil water content at: 25%～30% (T1), 35%～40% (T2), 45%～50% (T3), 55%～60% (T4) and 65%～70% (T5) of the field capacity, respectively. The cucumbers in all treatment were watered with mulched drip irrigation by plastic film; in each treatment, we measured the content of nitrate, available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), as well as the cucumber yield.【Result】Increasing drip irrigation amount resulted in nitrate and available P and K to move downward to the subsoil, but it increased cucumber yield, with the yield of T5 being 55.60% higher than that of T1. The T4 treatment had the highest nutrient accumulation in the fruits, and compared with T1, it increased the accumulation of N, P2O5 and K2O in soil by 58.23%, 46.53% and 48.25% respectively, and their associated uptake rate from the soil by the cucumber by 30.95%, 7.74% and 57.62%, respectively.【Conclusion】For facility production of cucumber we investigated in Sichuan province, the optimal drip irrigation amount was 3 288.60 m3/hm2. Rationally increasing the irrigation amount can boost nutrient uptake by the crop and improved fertilizers use efficiency, thereby reducing their losses from leaching and/or emissions.

Key words: drip irrigation amount; soil nutrients; cucumber; yield; nutrient uptake