| 引用本文: | 高飞,朱德兰,闫婧歆, 等.安装高度和工作压力对育苗喷头水力性能影响的试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(1):119-125. |
| GAO Fei,ZHU Delan,YAN Jingxin, et al.安装高度和工作压力对育苗喷头水力性能影响的试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(1):119-125. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究安装高度及工作压力对育苗喷头水力性能的影响，得到育苗喷头适宜工作条件，优化育苗喷头喷洒水力性能。【方法】选取育苗喷头的安装高度为0.5、0.6、0.7 m，分别测试其在200、250、300、350 kPa工作压力下单喷头的水量分布。基于水量平衡原理，建立移动喷洒水量分布计算模型，将单喷头定喷水量分布转换为喷头移动水量分布，计算出不同组合间距下的均匀性系数，并对组合间距-工作压力-均匀度进行多项式拟合，得到不同安装高度下的拟合公式。【结果】在0.5~0.7 m范围内，增大喷头的安装高度能提高单喷头水量分布的均匀度、降低峰值喷灌强度；单喷头平均喷灌强度随压力的增大而增大；工作压力相同时，组合均匀性系数随着组合间距的增大多呈现先减小后增大再减小的趋势；安装高度相同时，喷头组合均匀性系数随压力的改变所呈现的变化规律不明显；试验条件下，喷头的最优工况为：安装高度0.5 m、工作压力300 kPa，组合间距0.5 m，组合均匀度98.08%。安装高度升高时，单喷头喷洒辐射面积增大，喷头喷灌强度峰值降低，水量分布更均匀，工作压力升高时，各测点喷灌强度增大，喷洒范围更广。【结论】在试验条件下，当安装高度0.5 m、工作压力300 kPa、组合间距0.5 m时，喷头的运行工况最优、组合均匀度最大、水量分布最均匀。 |
| 关键词: 育苗喷头；安装高度；工作压力；组合间距；均匀系数 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021317 |
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| Impact of Mounting Height and Working Water Pressure on the Performance of Micro-sprinkler Irrigation System for Seedling Beds |
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GAO Fei, ZHU Delan, YAN Jingxin, et al
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(1. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
2. Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Micro sprinkler irrigation is often mounted on the top of seeding beds to nurture crop seedlings. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of the mounting height and working water pressure on performance of the irrigation system.【Method】We compared three mounting heights: 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 m, and four working water pressures: 200, 250, 300 and 350 kPa. In each treatment, we measured the spatial distribution of water droplets. Based on the mass balance, we derived a model to calculate the water distribution sprayed from the nozzle, and converted constant water distribution measured from a single sprinkler to dynamic water distribution. We also measured the uniformity coefficient of water in all treatments and linked it to water pressure and the distance between adjacent nozzles.【Result】Increasing the installation height from 0.5 to 0.7 m improved uniformity of the water distribution and reduced the maximum irrigation intensity; the average intensity of single sprinkler increased with water pressure. When the working pressure was the same, the uniformity coefficient decreased first and then increased before declining again as the distance between adjacent nozzles increased. When the installation height was the same, the uniformity coefficient of water distribution did not show noticeable change with the working water pressure. For all treatments we compared, the optimal working conditions were as follows: installation height, 0.5 m, working water pressure, 300 kPa, space between adjacent nozzles, 0.5 m. These gave a uniformity coefficient as high as 98.08%.【Conclusion】Raising the mounting height of the system increased the uniformity coefficient of water distribution and the area that the water could cover, and reduced the maximum water intensity. Increasing the working water pressure increased water irrigation intensity. For the system we studied, the optimal installation height, working water pressure and nozzle spacing were 0.5 m, 300 kPa and 0.5 m, respectively. |
| Key words: seedling bed nozzle; installation height; working pressure; combination spacing; uniformity coefficient |
