| 引用本文: | 崔巍,吴鑫,陈文学, 等.大型渠道弧形闸门过流公式测试比较[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(1):141-146. |
| CUI Wei,,WU Xin,,CHEN Wenxue, et al..大型渠道弧形闸门过流公式测试比较[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(1):141-146. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】利用大型渠道实测数据，评估不同弧形闸门过流公式的适用性和性能。【方法】以南水北调中线干渠严陵河闸为对象，收集约18 000组监测数据，分析不同工况下的闸孔出流特性，测试国内外常用的7种过流公式。【结果】实测闸下收缩断面弗氏数位于0.152~0.985区间，超出了南科院（NHRI）经验公式的适用范围；实测孔堰流分界点e/Hu接近0.991，超出了武水（WHUEE）经验公式的适用范围。CAP公式、无量纲公式和3种二次型经验系数公式的数据拟合R2分别为0.989、0.996、0.809、0.822和0.832，流量计算平均绝对误差MAE分别为2.25%、2.65%、4.11%、4.08%和3.98%。各公式在低、中潜流比下（Xr≤0.9）流量计算误差|E|max均小于10%，在高潜流比时（Xr＞0.9）达18%（CAP公式）、25%（无量纲公式）和36%左右（3种二次型经验系数公式）。【结论】所测大型弧形闸门的工作区间明显超出了南科院和武水经验公式的适用范围，5种国外公式在低、中潜流比下（Xr≤0.9）流量计算误差均在10%以内，在高潜流比下明显增大，推荐优先采用CAP公式和无量纲公式。 |
| 关键词: 水力学；南水北调中线工程；弧形闸门；淹没出流 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020677 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Comparison of Different Discharge Calculation Equations for Large Canal Radial Gates |
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CUI Wei, WU Xin, CHEN Wenxue, et al.
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1. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research，
State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, Beijing 100038, China;
2. Wuhan University, State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan 430072, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to compare different equations for calculating discharge through large canal radial gates.【Method】We took the Yanlinghe Radial Gate at the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project as an example, collecting 18 000 field-measured datasets and analyzing the characteristics of its orifice flow using seven equations available in the literatures.【Result】The Froude number at the vena contracta was in the range of 0.152~0.985, exceeding the limits that the NHRI empirical equation applies. The critical ratio of orifice flow to weir flow was near 0.991, rendering the WHUEE empirical equation inapplicable. The R2 of CAP equation, the dimensionless equation, and three other quadratic empirical equations were 0.989, 0.996, 0.809, 0.822 and 0.832, and their associated mean absolute errors were 2.25%, 2.65%, 4.11%, 4.08% and 3.98%, respectively. Under low-moderate submergence flow conditions (Xr≤0.9), the maximum absolute errors (|E|max) of all equations were less than 10%, When Xr exceeded 0.9, |E|max increased significantly, reaching 18% for the CAP equation, 25% for the dimensionless equation, and 36% for other three quadratic empirical equations.【Conclusion】The large radial gate we studied was out of the range that the NHRI empirical equation and the WHUEE empirical equation apply. For other five equations, their |E|max was less than 10% under low-moderate flow conditions, but increased when Xr exceeded 0.9. Overall, CAP and the dimensionless equation worked better among all seven equations we compared. |
| Key words: hydraulics; large arch canal gate; South-to-North Water Diversion Project; submerged orifice flow |
