| 引用本文: | 臧小平,云天艳,马蔚红, 等..化肥减施条件下配施保水剂对滴灌香蕉相关性状的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(3):40-46. |
| ZANG Xiaoping,YUN Tianyan,MA Weihong, et al..化肥减施条件下配施保水剂对滴灌香蕉相关性状的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(3):40-46. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索保水剂在滴灌香蕉集约化种植模式下的应用效果，为蕉园资源高效利用提供科学依据。【方法】采用田间试验，设置传统施肥处理（CK：N 596.8 kg/hm2，P2O5 312.8 kg/hm2，K2O 1 850.3 kg/hm2）、化肥减量（T1处理：N、P2O5各减量 55%，K2O减量50%）、化肥减量+保水剂（T2处理：N、P2O5各减量55%，K2O减量50%+SAP 219.2 kg/hm2）共3个处理，每个处理重复3次，研究滴灌减量施肥条件下配施保水剂对香蕉产量、肥料利用效率及经济效益的影响。【结果】滴灌减施化肥条件下，施保水剂可显著提高香蕉的假茎围、青叶数（p<0.05），T2处理香蕉产量达54 242 kg/hm2，较CK提高18.3%；化肥偏生产力较CK提高144.7%。T2处理纯收益为61 700元/hm2，较CK增加137.4%，产出投入比由1.22∶1上升到1.58∶1。【结论】综合考虑香蕉产量、化肥减施和经济效益，滴灌减量施肥+保水剂（N 268.6 kg/hm2, P2O5 140.5 kg/hm2, K2O 925.2 kg/hm2+SAP 219.2 kg/hm2）在香蕉上的应用效果较好。 |
| 关键词: 化肥减施；滴灌；香蕉；保水剂；产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021443 |
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| Amending Soil with Absorbent Polymers to Avert Banana Yield Decline after Reducing Chemical Fertilizations |
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ZANG Xiaoping, YUN Tianyan, MA Weihong, et al.
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1.Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences/Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of
Banana Gentic Improvement, Haikou 571101, China; 2.Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Excessive fertilization is often used by farmers as an insurance in crop production. It not only wastes resources but also risks environmental pollution and soil degradation. Reducing agrochemical fertilization has hence been mandated in China in developing sustainable agriculture. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the efficacy of amending soil with a water adsorbent to avert banana yield reduction after reducing chemical fertilization.【Method】The experiment was conducted at an acidic soil in Hainan province; it consisted of three treatments: ①conventional fertilization by applying 596.8 kg/hm2 of N, 312.8 kg/hm2 of P2O5 and 1 850.3 kg/hm2 of K2O (CK); ②reducing 55% of N and P2O5 respectively, and 50% of K2O (T1); ③reducing 55% of N and P2O5 respectively, and 50% of K2O combined with soil amendment with 219.2 kg/hm2 of a water-absorbing polymer (T2).【Result】Compared with CK, amending the soil with the adsorbent increased girth and leaf numbers of the plant (P<0.05); it also increased the yield by 18.3% to 54 242 kg/hm2, in addition to the 144.7% increase in partial factor productivity. The net income of after the soil amendment was 61 700 yuan/hm2, 137.4% higher than that of the CK. Its output-input ratio increased from 1.22∶1 in the CK to 1.58∶1. 【Conclusion】Top-dressing 268.6 kg/hm2 of N, 140.5 kg/hm2 of P2O5 and 925.2 kg/hm2 of K2O, coupled with amending the soil with 219.2 kg/hm2 of absorbent polymer annually, not only improved fruit yield after reducing the fertilization but also improved fruit yield and boosted the income of farmers. |
| Key words: reducing chemical fertilization; drip irrigation; banana; water absorbent polymer; fruit yield |
