| 引用本文: | 陈宇翔,郑荣伟,王庆明, 等..关中地区参考作物蒸发蒸腾量时空变化特征及主要因子分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(4):76-83. |
| CHEN Yuxiang,ZHENG Rongwei,WANG Qingming, et al.关中地区参考作物蒸发蒸腾量时空变化特征及主要因子分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(4):76-83. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】充分认识关中地区参考作物蒸发蒸腾量（ET0）时空变化特征及其主要影响因子。【方法】使用1980—2019年关中地区43个气象观测站逐日气象资料，结合Penman-Monteith（P-M）模型、反距离权重、逐步回归分析和通径分析等方法，研究1980—2019年关中地区ET0时空变化特征及其主要影响因子。【结果】最高气温（Tmax）、最低气温（Tmin）、平均气温（T）呈升温趋势，上升幅度处于1.68~2.85 ℃之间；相对湿度（RH）呈下降趋势；日照时数（SSD）整体变化较小；平均风速（WS）则呈减小趋势；气象因子空间分布因海拔、地形不同而表现出差异性；关中地区多年平均ET0为959 mm，整体呈增加趋势，增加速率为1.43 mm/a；ET0空间分布差异较大，多年平均ET0处于852~1 099 mm之间，由东北向西南递减，关中地区ET0季节性差异明显；影响关中地区ET0的气象因子排序为：T>SSD>RH>WS；SSD、T、WS与ET0正相关；RH与ET0负相关。【结论】关中地区ET0在时间上呈增加趋势，空间上由东北向西南递减；4个主要因子对ET0的影响由大到小依次为T、SSD、RH、WS。 |
| 关键词: 参考作物蒸发蒸腾量；P-M模型；反距离权重；气象因子；通径分析 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021531 |
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| Spatiotemporal Variation in Reference Evapotranspiration over Guanzhong Region and Its Determinants |
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CHEN Yuxiang, ZHENG Rongwei, WANG Qingming, et al
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1. Zhejiang Tongji Vocational College of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 311231, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;
3. Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute, Beijing 100120, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and objective】Evapotranspiration is an important component in the hydrological cycle in terrestrial ecosystems, and it is often calculated based on reference evapotranspiration (ET0) multiplied by a crop coefficient. In this paper, we analyzed the spatiotemporal variation of ET0 and its underlying determining factors in Guanzhong region. 【Method】Daily meteorological data measured from 1980 to 2019 from 43 weather stations in the region were used to calculate ET0 using the Penman-Monteith model. Spatiotemporal change in ET0 and its underlying determinants were calculated using the inverse distance weight, stepwise regression analysis and path analysis. 【Result】The maximum air temperature (Tmax), minimum air temperature (Tmin) and average air temperature (T) had been increasing at rates of 1.68~2.85 ℃, while the average relative humidity (RH) and wind speed (WS) had been declining in the studied period. In contrast, there was no noticeable change in sunshine hours (SSD). The meteorological factors varied spatially due to the difference in altitude and topography. The annual average ET0 from 1980 to 2019 was 959 mm, and had been increasing at a rate of 1.43 mm/a. Across the region, ET0 varied from 852~1 099 mm in 1980—2019, and decreased from the northeast to the southwest. In all regions, seasonal differences in ET0 were noticeable. The influence of meteorological factors on ET0 was ranked in the order of T>SSD>RH>WS. We also found that ET0 was positively correlated with SSD, T, and WS and negatively with RH.【Conclusion】Temporally, ET0 in Guanzhong region had been increasing from 1980—2019. Spatially, it decreased from the northeast to the southwest. The meteorological factors that affected ET0 most were T, SSD, RH and WS , in descending order. |
| Key words: reference evapotranspiration; Penman-Monteith model; inverse distance weight; meteorological factor; path analysis |
