| 引用本文: | 张 路,吴军虎,杨晓伟,等.施加黄腐酸钾对黑垆土土壤结构的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(10):131-138. |
| ZHANG Lu,WU Junhu,YANG Xiaowei,et al.施加黄腐酸钾对黑垆土土壤结构的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(10):131-138. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究黄腐酸钾对黑垆土水分运移、土壤孔隙和团聚体分布的影响。【方法】通过室内试验，向黑垆土中施加不同质量配比（0%、0.1%、0.5%和1%）的黄腐酸钾，得到对土壤结构改良效果的最佳黄腐酸钾施量。【结果】①用含1%黄腐酸钾处理后的土样效果是最优的，土壤累积入渗量、入渗率（90 min）、稳渗率和湿润锋运移距离分别增加了43.96%、182.5%、47.06%和28.41%。②3种入渗模型参数拟合结果显示，Kostiakov公式中经验系数从1.648 7减小至0.901 3，经验指数从0.478 1增加至0.537 5。Philip公式中稳渗率在0.002 0到0.003 2的范围内，吸渗率在0.956 2到1.004 2范围波动。改进后Kostiakov公式中，稳定入渗率从0.012 6增加至0.084 6。③掺加含1%黄腐酸钾的土样对土壤孔隙度的影响最大，土壤总孔隙度和土壤通气孔隙度分别增加了2.65%和64.29%，土壤毛管孔隙度降低了17.00%。同时土样中掺入黄腐酸钾的质量配比越大，在单位体积上相较于对照组，土壤体积质量减小了2.99%。④随着培养时间增长，粒径大于0.25 mm团聚体量显著增加，同时粒径＜0.045 mm团聚体量逐渐减少。平均几何直径与黄腐酸钾施量之间呈现正相关关系，而不稳定团粒指数和土壤可蚀性因子随黄腐酸钾施量增加呈现负相关，分形维数随着时间与黄腐酸钾施量的增大呈现减小趋势。【结论】施加质量配比为1%黄腐酸钾对黑垆土结构改良效果是最佳的，该研究成果为揭示不同施量黄腐酸钾对黑垆土水分运移和结构改良效果方面提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 黄腐酸钾；水分运移；土壤孔性；水稳性团聚体；土壤结构 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021537 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Improving Structure of Dark Loessial Soil by Addition of Potassium Fulvic Acid |
|
ZHANG Lu, WU Junhu, YANG Xiaowei, LEI Zhenyuan, BAI Xue
|
|
State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The productivity of dark loessial soils is generally low due to their poor structure. We studied how to improve their structure using potassium fulvic acid.【Method】The experiment was conducted using pots. Soil in the pots were amended with potassium fulvate at mass ratio from 0 to 1%. For each pot, we measured its water transport ability, soil porosity and aggregate formation and distribution. 【Result】① Potassium fulvate amendment at 1% ratio was optimal for improving soil properties, increasing cumulative water infiltration, infiltration rate, stable infiltration rate and wetting front distance by 43.96%, 182.5%, 47.06% and 28.41%, respectively, compared to CK (without amendment). ② Fitting the measured infiltration data to different models showed that, depending on the amending ratio, the empirical coefficient in the Kostiakov formula decreased from 1.648 7 to 0.901 3 and the empirical index increased from 0.478 1 to 0.537 5. For the Philip model, the stable infiltration rate and the imbibition rate varied from 0.002 0 to 0.003 2, and 0.956 2 to 1.004 2, respectively, depending on the amendment ratio. For the improved Kostiakov model, the stable infiltration rate increased from 0.012 6 to 0.084 6. ③ Compared with CK, the amendment at ratio 1% improved soil porosity most, with the total soil porosity and soil aeration porosity increasing by 2.65% and 64.29% respectively, and the capillary porosity decreasing by 17.00%. With the increase in the amendment ratio, the bulk density decreased by up to 2.99%. ④ With the increase in incubation time, aggregates (>0.25 mm) increased significantly at the expense of aggregate (<0.045 mm). The geometric diameter of aggregates and the amendment ratio were positively correlated, while the unstable aggregate index and soil erodibility were negatively correlated, with the correlation decreasing with the increase in the amendment ratio. We found that the fractal dimension decreased with the increase in incubation time and the amendment ratio. 【Conclusion】Amending the dark loessial soil with potassium fulvic acid at mass ratio 1% was optimal for improving soil structure and its physical and biochemical properties. |
| Key words: potassium fulvic acid; moisture transport; soil porosity; water-stable soil aggregate; soil structure |
