| 引用本文: | 马嘉莹,王兴鹏,王洪博,等.咸水灌溉对土壤盐分分布及设施番茄生理特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(1):64-71. |
| MA Jiaying,WANG Xingpeng,WANG Hongbo,et al.咸水灌溉对土壤盐分分布及设施番茄生理特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(1):64-71. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明咸水灌溉对土壤盐分分布与设施番茄生长及生理的影响。【方法】本试验以南疆设施番茄为研究对象，设置4个灌溉水矿化度，分别为T1（2 g/L）、T2（4 g/L）、T3（6 g/L）和T4（8 g/L），并以淡水灌溉为对照（CK），开展咸水灌溉条件下设施番茄生理特性及土壤盐分分布的影响研究。【结果】在垂直方向上各处理土壤含盐量随土层深度增加逐渐减小，水平方向上盐分主要积聚在距离滴灌带20~40 cm处；结果末期盐分主要积聚在20~60 cm浅层土壤处，形成积盐区，且随着灌溉水矿化度增加积盐区逐渐扩大；2~4 g/L的咸水灌溉，对番茄株高茎粗生长具有一定的促进作用，对干物质量无显著影响，6~8 g/L咸水灌溉对作物生长抑制作用明显；当灌溉水矿化度为2 g/L，时叶绿素总量达到最大，灌溉水矿化度4 g/L时类胡萝卜素量达到最大；当灌溉水矿化度大于4 g/L时，植物器官内大量积累的活性氧已经超出保护酶的清除能力；2~4 g/L咸水灌溉在保证番茄产量的同时，可显著提高果实的品质。【结论】综合考虑设施番茄产量及品质，在淡水资源紧缺，地下咸水资源丰富的南疆地区，推荐采用2~4 g/L矿化度的咸水对设施番茄进行灌溉。 |
| 关键词: 番茄；咸水；植株生长；叶片生理；产量；品质 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022060 |
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| The Effects of Saline Water Irrigation on Soil Salinity and Physiology of Greenhouse Tomato |
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MA Jiaying, WANG Xingpeng, WANG Hongbo, WANG Hairui, LI Zhaoyang
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1. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Saline groundwater is a complementary water resource for irrigation in Xinjiang, but its application needs calculated management. The aim of this paper is to study the impact of saline water irrigation on soil salt content and physiology of greenhouse tomatoes.【Method】The experiment was conducted in southern Xinjiang, and the crop was drip-irrigated using water with salinity at 2 g/L (T1), 4 g/L (T2), 6 g/L(T3) and 8 g/L (T4), respectively. Fresh water irrigation was taken as the control (CK). The irrigation amount and irrigation frequency in all the treatments were the same. In each treatment, we measured soil salt content and physiological indexes of the crop. 【Result】Vertically, soil salt content decreased along the depth, regardless of the treatments; horizontally, soil salt accumulated in soil 20~40 cm away from the emitter. At the end of the growth period, salt accumulated predominantly in 20~60 cm soil layer. Salt accumulation area increased with the increase in irrigation water salinity. Irrigating with water salinity in 2~4 g/L promoted tomato growth and thickened its stems, despite of its insignificant effects on dry biomass. Increasing water salinity to 6~8 g/L inhibited crop growth. When water salinity was 2 g/L, the total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in the crop maximized. When water salinity was greater than 4 g/L, a large amount of active oxygen accumulated in organs exceeded the scavenging capacity of the protective enzymes. Irrigation when water salinity was in 2~4 g/L improved both fruit yield and quality.【Conclusion】Considering salt distribution and plant growth, groundwater with salinity in the range of 2 to 4 g/L can be used as a complementary water resource to irrigate greenhouse tomatoes in southern Xinjiang. |
| Key words: tomato; salt water; plant growth; leaf physiology; yield; quality |
