| 引用本文: | 邱新强,杨浩晨,张玉顺,等.服务于农业水价的县域农业初始水权核算及分配[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(4):129-136. |
| QIU Xinqiang,YANG Haochen,ZHANG Yushun,et al.服务于农业水价的县域农业初始水权核算及分配[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(4):129-136. |
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| 摘要: |
| 农业水价综合改革是一项系统工程，探索综合政策性、实践性和操作性的农业水权核算及分配方案，可为农业水价综合改革顺利实施提供支撑。本文简要介绍了我国农业水价综合改革现状，并结合实际对改革中的各项重点工作进行了梳理，探索基于现有水资源刚性约束制度的县域农业水权核算方法，并将县级水权按照灌区-受益村组-乡镇（及用水户）次序进行核算并分配。最后以潢川县为例，将全县各灌区的农业初始水权分配至灌区受益村组及所属乡镇。优先完成以县域为单元的农业初始水权分配，不仅便于掌握县域内农业水价综合改革的底数和改革进程，也便于节水激励机制等后续改革工作开展。研究成果可为相似县区的农业水价综合改革工作提供借鉴，也可为农业水权制度的应用性研究提供经验样本。 |
| 关键词: 农业初始水权；水价；农业；水权分配 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022439 |
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| Agricultural Water Price Reform: Accounting and Allocation of Initial Agricultural Water Rights at County Scale |
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QIU Xinqiang, YANG Haochen, ZHANG Yushun, QIN Haixia, LIU Qingyong, WANG Yanping, LU Zhenguang
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1. Henan Provincial Water Conservancy Research Institute/Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China; 2. Henan Keda Water Conservancy Survey and Design Co., Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003, China; 3. Huangchuan County Water Resources Bureau, Huangchuan 465150, China
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| Abstract: |
| Due to the increased imbalance between water supply and water demand since the 1980s, especially the increase in agricultural water usage, China has undergone four stages in reforming agricultural water price since 2006: initial stage, in-depth pilot stage, comprehensive promotion stage, and policy classification stage. The focus of policy has also shifted from so-called “extensive” to “intensive”. From 2016 to 2020, over 28.7 million hectares of farmlands across the country have been reformed in the country. The comprehensive reform of agricultural water price is a systematic project, and this paper aims to explore a comprehensive, practical, and operational initial water rights accounting and distribution scheme for agriculture at county scale. The scheme can provide guidance for smooth implementation of the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price. We first provide a brief introduction to the current situation of the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price in China and then identify the key tasks in its implementation. An accounting method for the initial water rights of county agriculture is proposed based on the existing rigid constraint system of water resources. The initial agricultural water rights at the county level are allocated according to the priority-order of irrigation areas-beneficiary village groups-townships (and water users). Taking Huangchuan County as an example, the agricultural water rights of all irrigation areas in the county are allocated to the beneficiary villages and their subordinate towns. Completion of initial agricultural water right allocation in the county area is a priority as it not only helps to understand the base and reform process of the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price, but also facilitates follow-up reform work, such as the water-saving incentive mechanism. Our results can provide reference for comprehensive reform of agricultural water price in similar counties and regions and offer experience samples for the applied research of agricultural water right systems. |
| Key words: agricultural initial water rights; water price; agriculture; distribution of water rights |
