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| 引用本文: | 田 露,刘景辉,米俊珍,等.缩行带状种植和保水剂对滴灌燕麦根系和叶片衰老特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(7):1-9. |
| TIAN Lu,LIU Jinghui,MI Junzhen,et al.缩行带状种植和保水剂对滴灌燕麦根系和叶片衰老特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(7):1-9. |
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| 缩行带状种植和保水剂对滴灌燕麦根系和叶片衰老特性的影响 |
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田 露，刘景辉，米俊珍，赵宝平，李英浩，张 胜，王凤梧，焦伟红，徐振朋，郑成忠
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1.内蒙古农业大学 农学院，呼和浩特 010019；2.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院，
呼和浩特 010031；3.乌兰察布市农林科学研究所，内蒙古 集宁 012000；
4.乌兰察布市农牧业生态资源保护中心，内蒙古 集宁 012000
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究建立滴灌燕麦的高效种植方法，明确其对燕麦根系和叶片部分衰老特性的影响。【方法】于2019—2020年设置主区行距配置等行距20 cm种植（A）、缩行15 cm带状种植（B）、缩行10 cm带状种植（C）3个水平和副区保水剂0（N）和22.5 kg/hm2（Y）2个水平的裂区试验，分析行距和保水剂对燕麦根系、旗叶衰老特征的影响。【结果】①行距、保水剂均能极显著（p<0.01）或显著（p<0.05）影响燕麦根系活力、根系和旗叶SOD、MDA量和可溶性蛋白量；二者交互作用对各指标的影响在不同生育时期间表现不一致，其中开花期和灌浆期极显著（p<0.01）或显著（p<0.05）影响了根系活力、根系SOD量、旗叶SOD、旗叶MDA量和旗叶可溶性蛋白量，显著（p<0.05）影响了根系可溶性蛋白量，对根系MDA量无显著影响。②不论是否施用保水剂，3种种植行距根系活力、根系和旗叶SOD活性、可溶性蛋白量均表现为处理B>处理A>处理C；根系和旗叶MDA量则表现为处理C>处理A>处理B。在施用保水剂（Y）的条件下，与处理A相比，2019年和2020年不同生育时期处理B显著提高根系活力5.56%~15.27%、根系和旗叶SOD活性4.78%~5.89%和3.98%~10.62%、根系和旗叶可溶性蛋白量15.20%~23.74%和5.89%~15.04%、显著降低根系和旗叶MDA量11.79%~13.86%和6.01%~14.08%；处理C则在除根系可溶性蛋白量外其余指标表现显著降低，根系和旗叶MDA量显著提高。在不施用保水剂（N）条件下，3种种植方式的显著性差异在不同年限和不同生育时期表现不一致。③同种种植行距下，与不施用保水剂（N）相比，仅有处理B中施用保水剂（Y）能够在2019—2020年不同生育时期均显著提高根系活力7.52%~15.75%、根系和旗叶SOD活性3.21%~6.47%和7.25%~10.47%、根系和旗叶可溶性蛋白量18.01%~22.47%和4.87%~9.10%，显著降低根系和旗叶MDA量8.79%~13.96%和7.35%~11.67%，处理A和处理C在不同年限、不同生育时期各指标显著性差异不一致。④滴灌燕麦栽培中根系和旗叶衰老特征指标与燕麦生物产量和籽粒产量之间均存在显著（p<0.05）的正相关或者负相关。【结论】本研究筛选出滴灌燕麦栽培中，采用围绕滴灌带缩小行距到15 cm带状种植，配合施用22.5 kg/hm2保水剂的种植方式能够调节燕麦根系和叶片衰老特征，延缓衰老，对促进滴灌燕麦生物产量和籽粒产量的形成具有促进作用。 |
| 关键词: 燕麦；滴灌；行距；保水剂；保护酶 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022595 |
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| Impact of Planting Spacing and Soil Amendment with Water Absorbent on Root and Leave Senescence Traits of Drip Irrigated Oat |
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TIAN Lu, LIU Jinghui, MI Junzhen, ZHAO Baoping, LI Yinghao, ZHANG Sheng,
WANG Fengwu, JIAO Weihong, XU Zhenpeng, ZHENG Chengzhong
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1. Agronomy College, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Hohhot 010019, China; 2. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural &
Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot 010031, China; 3. Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Ulanqab, Jining 012000, China;
4. Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecological Resources Protection Center of Ulanqab, Jining 012000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Roots and leaves are highly influenced by a multitude of biotic and abiotic factors. Taking oat under drip irrigation as an example, this study delves into the response of its root and leave traits to planting density and soil amendment with water absorbent polymer.【Method】The field experiment was conducted in 2019—2020 with intra-row planting spacing being 20 cm, and the inter-row planting spacing being 20 cm (A), 15 cm (B) and 10 cm (C), respectively. In each treatment there were two soil amendments by applying 0 and 22.5 kg/hm2 of a water absorbent polymer. Senescence traits of the roots and flag leaves in each treatment were measured.【Result】①Both row spacing and soil amendment affected root activity, SOD and MDA content, and soluble protein content in the roots and leaves significantly with P<0.01 or P<0.05. The combined effect of row spacing and soil amendments on root and leaf traits varied with growth stage. In the flowering and filling stages, the combined effect of planting spacing and soil amendment was significant with P<0.01 or P<0.05 on SOD content in roots and leaves, MDA content in root and soluble protein in the roots the leaves, but insignificant on MDA content in the roots. ②Regardless of soil amendment, the impact of row spacing on root activity, SOD activity in the roots and leaves and soluble protein in the roots and leaves was ranked in the order of B>A>C, while the impact on MDA content in the roots and leaves was in the order of C>A>B. Combined with soil amendment, reducing row spacing from 20 cm to 15 cm increased root activity, SOD activity in the roots and leaves, soluble protein content in the roots and leaves by 5.56%~15.27%, 4.78%~5.89%, 3.98%~10.62%, 5.20%~23.74% and 5.89%~15.04% respectively, while reducing MDA content in the roots and leaves by 11.79%~13.86% and 6.01%~14.08%, respectively. Reducing the row spacing further to 10 cm significantly reduced the above traits, except the soluble protein content, which did not show significant changes, and MDA content in the roots and leaves, which showed a significant increase. Without soil amendment, the impact of row spacing on root and leaf traits varied with growth stage and year. ③When row spacing was 20 cm, compared with no amendment, amending the soil increased SOD activity and soluble protein content in the roots and leaves by 7.52%~15.75%, 3.21%~6.47%, 7.25%~10.47%, 18.01%~22.47% and 4.87%~9.10%, respectively, while reducing MDA content in the roots and leaves by 8.79%~13.96% and 7.35%~11.67%, respectively. In contrast, the effect of soil amendment on the above traits varied when the row spacing was 10 cm. ④The senescence traits of roots and leaves were correlated with biomass and grain yield of the oat, both at significant levels.【Conclusion】Reducing the row spacing from 20 cm to 15 cm, combined with soil amendment by applying 22.5 kg/hm2 of the water-absorbent polymer, is effective in reducing senescence of roots and leaves of the drip-irrigated oat and consequently promoting its biological yield and grain yield. |
| Key words: oat; drip irrigation; row spacing; super absorbent polymer; senescence characteristic |
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