| 引用本文: | 黄 康,鲁克新,申震洲,等.清水河流域不同尺度水沙变化归因分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(S1):93-98. |
| HUANG Kang,LU Kexin,SHEN Zhenzhou,et al.清水河流域不同尺度水沙变化归因分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(S1):93-98. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示清水河流域水沙变化的驱动因素，为黄河上游流域的水土流失治理提供理论依据。【方法】基于1970—2019年清水河流域上、中、下游水文站的实测水沙数据及气象数据，采用Mann-Kendall检验法和Pettitt检验法对流域内不同尺度的水文气象序列进行趋势性分析和突变检验，基于Budyko弹性系数法、双累积曲线法和累积量斜率变化率比较法对流域不同尺度水沙变化进行归因分析。【结果】1970—2019年，清水河流域年径流深呈显著增加趋势，年输沙模数呈不显著减少趋势，流域上中游区域的年径流深和年输沙模数呈显著减少趋势；与突变前相比，人类活动对上游区、上中游区和全流域的年径流量减少的贡献率分别为99.9%~114.3%、77.5%~104.0%和-117.4%~-74.0%，对年输沙量减少的贡献率分别为104.7%~116.4%、110.2%~132.2%和113.0%~139.0%。【结论】引黄灌溉、水土保持措施等人类活动是影响清水河流域水沙变化的主要因素。 |
| 关键词: 清水河；水沙变化；弹性系数法；双累积曲线法；累积量斜率变化率比较法 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2023069 |
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| Attribution Analysis of Runoff and Sediment Changes at Different Scales in the Qingshui River Basin |
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HUANG Kang, LU Kexin, SHEN Zhenzhou, ZHANG Guojun, REN Zongping, LI Peng
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1. State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China;
2. Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, YRCC, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
3. NingXia Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Station, Yinchuan 750002, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Quantify the driving factors of runoff and sediment changes in the Qingshui River basin, and provide a theoretical basis for soil erosion control in the upper Yellow River basin.【Method】Based on the measured runoff and sediment data from three hydrological stations in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Ningxia Qingshui River basin from 1970 to 2019 and meteorological data from meteorological stations in the basin, the Mann-Kendall test method and Pettitt test method were used to analyze the trend and abrupt change of hydro-meteorological series at different scales in the basin, and the Budyko hypothesis-based The elasticity coefficient method, the double cumulative curve method and the comparison of the slope rate of change of cumulative volume method were used for attribution analysis of water and sand variation at different scales in the basin.【Result】During the period from 1970 to 2019, the annual runoff depth of the whole Qingshui River basin shows a significant increase trend, and the annual sediment transport modulus shows no significant decrease trend. The annual runoff depth and annual sediment transport modulus of the upper, middle and upper reaches of the basin show a significant decrease trend, but the annual precipitation and annual potential evapotranspiration have not changed significantly; Compared with that before the abrupt change, the contribution rate of human activities to the reduction of annual runoff in the upstream, upper and middle reaches and the whole basin is 99.9%-114.3%, 77.5%-104.0% and -117.4% - -74.0% respectively, and the contribution rate to the reduction of annual sediment transport is 104.7%-116.4%, 110.2%-132.2% and 113.0%-139.0% respectively.【Conclusion】Human activities, such as irrigation by yellow diversion and soil and water conservation measures, are the main factors influencing the water and sand changes in the Qingshui River basin in the last 50 years. |
| Key words: Qingshui River; runoff and sediment change; elastic coefficient method; double cumulative curve method; cumulative slope rate of change comparison method |
