| 引用本文: | 张筱渲,王 蕊,单凤君,等.1961—2020年东北三省干旱时空分布特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(1):78-88. |
| ZHANG Xiaoxuan,WANG Rui,SHAN Fengjun,et al.1961—2020年东北三省干旱时空分布特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(1):78-88. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析1961—2020年东北三省干旱时空分布格局。【方法】基于1961—2020年东北三省的86个气象站实测数据，计算1961—2020年不同时间尺度的标准化降水蒸散指数（SPEI），并结合游程理论、Mann-Kendall检验、经验正交函数（EOF）分解等方法对东北三省的干旱时空变化特征进行分析。【结果】年尺度上，SPEI均呈缓慢减小趋势，但整体上高于-2.0，无显著突变点，干旱发生频率为25.5%~37.6%，中旱、重旱、特旱发生的频率自西向东呈“高-低-高”、“中间高两边低”、“逐渐降低”的分布规律；季尺度上，春夏秋季呈下降趋势，冬季呈现上升趋势，这表明冬季东北三省干旱有所减轻，而春夏秋三季的干旱有所加重，干旱在空间上发生的频次为春季>冬季>夏季>秋季；干旱历时越长其干旱烈度越小，代表站点越干旱；年际尺度上EOF分解得到的前4个特征向量和四季尺度分解得到的第一个特征向量的主要空间模态表现为全区一致、南北反向分布特征。【结论】东北三省除春季和冬季外，年和其余两季SPEI都呈现出下降趋势，其中南部干旱有加重趋势，北部呈现湿润趋势。 |
| 关键词: 标准化降水蒸散指数；游程理论；时空特征；东北三省 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2023188 |
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| The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of drought in the three northeastern provinces from 1961 to 2020 |
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ZHANG Xiaoxuan, WANG Rui, SHAN Fengjun, ZHANG Tingting, WANG Yilin
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Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of drought in the three northeastern provinces from 1961 to 2020.【Method】Based on the measured data of 86 meteorological stations in the three provinces of Northeast China from 1961 to 2020, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) at different time scales over the past 60 years was calculated, and the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of drought in the three northeastern provinces by using run theory, Mann Kendall test, empirical Orthogonal functions (EOF) decomposition and other methods were analyzed.【Result】On an annual scale, SPEI all tended to decrease slowly, but they were overall above -2.0 with no significant mutation points. The frequency of drought occurrence was 25.5%-37.6%. The frequency of moderate, severe and extreme droughts showed a distribution pattern of ‘high-low-high’, ‘high in the middle and low on both sides’, and ‘gradually decreasing’ from west to east; On seasonal scale, there was a downward trend in spring, summer and autumn, while an upward trend in winter. This indicated that the drought in the three northeastern provinces has been alleviated in winter, while the drought in spring, summer and autumn has intensified. The frequency of drought occurrence in space was spring>winter>summer>autumn; The longer the duration of drought was, the lower the intensity of drought was, which indicated that the site was drier; The main spatial modes of the first four eigenvectors obtained from EOF decomposition at the interannual scale and the first eigenvector obtained from seasonal scale decomposition were consistent across the entire region, with north-south reverse distribution characteristics.【Conclusion】In the three northeastern provinces, except for spring and winter, the annual and the remaining two seasons of SPEI showed a decreasing trend, with an increasing trend of drought in the south and a wetting trend in the north. |
| Key words: standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI); run theory; spatiotemporal characteristics; three northeast provinces |
