| 引用本文: | 甄玉月,徐立荣,高海威.水氮耦合对地下滴灌冬小麦和夏玉米水氮利用效率影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(4):41-49. |
| ZHEN Yuyue,XU Lirong,GAO Haiwei.水氮耦合对地下滴灌冬小麦和夏玉米水氮利用效率影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(4):41-49. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索冬小麦、夏玉米地下滴灌条件下最佳灌水施氮制度。【方法】采用田间试验方法，分别设置4种灌水水平，冬小麦：W1：2 580 m3/hm2、W2：2 240 m3/hm2、W3：2 020 m3/hm2、W4：1 560 m3/hm2，夏玉米：W1：1 306 m3/hm2、W2：1 088 m3/hm2、W3：814 m3/hm2、W4：650 m3/hm2，2种施氮水平，冬小麦、夏玉米均为：F1：180 kg/hm2、F2：100 kg/hm2，研究水氮耦合对冬小麦、夏玉米水氮利用效率及产量影响。【结果】W2F1处理冬小麦产量最大，继续增加灌水量冬小麦产量并未增加，而夏玉米产量随灌水量增加而增加；土壤氮素残留量均表现为F1处理?F2处理，且冬小麦氮素残留量随灌水量增加先减少后增加，W1处理夏玉米氮素残留量最大，冬小麦、夏玉米氮肥偏生产力均与产量变化趋势一致；冬小麦、夏玉米耗水量均随灌水量增加而增加，水分利用效率均随灌水量增加呈先增大后减小趋势。【结论】拟合优化表明，冬小麦的适宜灌水量为214 mm，适宜施氮量100 kg/hm2；夏玉米适宜灌水量为103 mm，适宜施氮量100 kg/hm2。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦；夏玉米；水氮利用效率；地下滴灌；产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2023432 |
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| Effect of water-nitrogen coupling on water and nitrogen use efficiency of rotated winter wheat and summer maize under subsurface drip irrigation |
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ZHEN Yuyue, XU Lirong, GAO Haiwei
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School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Root acquisitions of water and nutrients and their subsequent translocation and consequences for crop growth are complex processes interactively influenced by a myriad of biotic and abiotic processes. This paper aims to experimentally find the optimal irrigation and nitrogen fertilization for rotated winter wheat and summer maize under subsurface drip irrigation.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a wheat-maize rotation field. The irrigation treatments for the winter wheat were 2 580 m3/hm2 (W1), 2 240 m3/hm2 (W2), 2 020 m3/hm2 (W3), 1 560 m3/hm2 (W4). For the summer maize, the irrigation treatments were 1 306 m3/hm2 (W1), 1 088 m3/hm2 (W2), 814 m3/hm2 (W3), 650 m3/hm2 (W4). For each irrigation treatment, there were two nitrogen fertilizations for the two corps: 180 kg/hm2 (F1) and 100 kg/hm2 (F2). During the experiment, we measured soil moisture, nitrogen content, dry mass of the shoots and grain yield of the two crops at different growth stages. We also calculated water consumption, water use efficiency, partial nitrogen fertilizer productivity of the two crops to assess the impact of water-nitrogen coupling on these traits. 【Result】For winter wheat, the W2F1 was the optimal water-nitrogen coupling which gave the highest grain yield. For summer maize, its grain yield increased with irrigation amount for both fertilization treatment. Soil nitrogen residual content was higher in F1 than in F2. With the increase in irrigation amount in the winter wheat field, residual nitrogen content decreased first followed by an increase. In contrast, residual nitrogen content in the maize field peaked in W1 treatment. The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer mirrored the yield of both crops. Water consumption of both crops increased with irrigation amount, yet their water use efficiency increased with irrigation amount initially and then declined when irrigation amount exceeded a threshold value.【Conclusion】Analysis of irrigation amount, yield and water use efficiency of the two crops indicates that the optimal irrigation amount and nitrogen fertilization for winter wheat and summer maize were 214 mm and 100 kg/hm2, and 103 mm and 100 kg/hm2 respectively. They can be used as an improved irrigation and fertilization for maize production in the studied region. |
| Key words: winter wheat; summer maize; water and nitrogen use efficiency; subsurface drip irrigation; yield |
