| 引用本文: | 李沛玟,张春燕,危常州,等.不同灌溉定额对北疆春小麦生长和水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(10):38-45. |
| LI Peiwen,ZHANG Chunyan,WEI Changzhou,et al.不同灌溉定额对北疆春小麦生长和水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(10):38-45. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同灌溉定额对北疆滴灌春小麦生长及水分利用效率的影响，确定北疆滴灌春小麦的适宜灌溉定额。【方法】采用田间小区试验，以强筋高产品种“新春37号”和“新春44号”为研究对象，设置重度干旱（灌溉定额为4 500 m3/hm2，W1）、轻度干旱（灌溉定额为5 250 m3/hm2，W2）、正常灌水（灌溉定额为6 000 m3/hm2，W3）和过度灌溉（灌溉定额为6 750 m3/hm2，W4）4个灌溉定额，结合Logistic方程研究不同灌溉定额对北疆春小麦生长发育、产量及水分利用效率的影响。【结果】0~60 cm土层的土壤含水率随灌溉定额的增加而上升，其中0~20 cm 土层含水率变化最为明显。随着灌溉定额的增加，2个品种的春小麦株高、干物质积累量均呈先增加后降低的趋势。新春37号灌浆期持续时间长于新春44号。与W4处理相比，新春37号W3处理水分利用效率显著提高30%，新春44号W3处理水分利用效率显著提高15.45%。与W4处理相比，新春37号W3处理灌溉水利用效率显著提高33.91%，新春44号W3处理灌溉水利用效率提高19.85%；W3处理下的产量最高，新春37号W3处理较W1、W2、W4处理提高14.45%~38.24%；新春44号W3处理较W1、W2处理分别提高25.76%、14.45%。【结论】综合考虑产量与水分利用效率，北疆春小麦的适宜灌溉定额为6 000 m3/hm2。 |
| 关键词: 春小麦；灌溉定额；干物质积累；水分利用效率；产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024053 |
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| Impact of drip irrigation amount on growth and water use efficiency of spring wheat in Northern Xinjiang |
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LI Peiwen, ZHANG Chunyan, WEI Changzhou, LI Qiuyue, ZHANG Yidan, WANG Juan
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Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy,
Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Spring wheat is an important cereal crop in Northern Xinjiang, where limited precipitation during the growing season makes irrigation essential for its successful production. This paper investigates the effect of irrigation amount on its growth traits and final yield, in attempts to identify an optimal irrigation schedule for spring wheat in this region.【Method】The field plot experiments were conducted using the high-yielding varieties ‘Xinchun 37’ and ‘Xinchun 44’. Each variety was subjected to four irrigation treatments: 4 500 m3/hm2 (W1, resulting in severe drought), 5 250 m3/hm2 (W2, resulting in moderate drought), 6 000 m3/hm2 (W3, normal irrigation), and 6 750 m3/hm2(W4, excessive irrigation). For each irrigation treatment, we measured the growth traits, water use efficiency, and grain yield of the two crops.【Result】Soil water content in the 0-60 cm layer increased with the irrigation amount, with water in the 0-20 cm soil layer showing the most significant fluctuation. With the increase in irrigation amount, plant height and dry matter accumulation of both varieties increased initially, followed by a decline. It was also found that the grain-filling period of Xinchun 37 was longer than that of Xinchun 44. Compared to W4, W3 increased the water use efficiency of Xinchun 37 and Xinchun 44 by 30.00% and 15.45%, respectively, the irrigation water use efficiency by 33.91% and 19.85%, respectively. Compared to all other treatments, W3 increased the grain yield of Xinchun 37 by 14.45%-38.24%, while compared to W1 and W2, it increased the grain yield of Xinchun 44 by 25.76% and 14.45%, respectively.【Conclusion】Regression analysis shows that the optimal irrigation amount for Xinchun 37 and Xinchun 44 was 5 875.83 m3/hm2 and 5 967.67 m3/hm2, respectively, in the studied region. |
| Key words: spring wheat; irrigation requirement; dry matter accumulation; water use efficiency; yield |
