| 引用本文: | 张 彦,窦 明,郝松泽,等.中国农田土壤微塑料赋存特征研究进展及展望[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(12):11-20. |
| ZHANG Yan,DOU Ming,HAO Songze,et al.中国农田土壤微塑料赋存特征研究进展及展望[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(12):11-20. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】梳理我国农田土壤生态环境系统中微塑料污染的赋存特征。【方法】基于Web of Science和CNKI数据库检索了涉及我国农田土壤微塑料污染的相关文献，利用VOS-viewer软件对关键词共现进行分析，并筛选出了符合农田土壤微塑料赋存特征（类型、丰度、粒径、颜色和形状）的文献进行分析。【结果】我国农田土壤中的微塑料类型有一定的相似性但也存在差异性，大部分省区的主要微塑料类型为聚乙烯（polyethylene，PE）和聚丙烯（polypropylene，PP）；内蒙古、新疆、山东和广西农田土壤微塑料的平均丰度相对较大均超过了10 000个/kg；农田土壤中的微塑料粒径范围主要集中在0~2 mm之间，如新疆和贵州农田土壤微塑料粒径在0~0.5 mm和0~0.1 mm之间的占比均超过了85%；微塑料颜色占比较高的为透明、白色、黑色、蓝色和黄色，微塑料形状占比较高的为纤维、薄膜、碎片和泡沫；最后，结合我国农田土壤微塑料的赋存特征对农田土壤微塑料污染的综合治理技术、管控措施及存在问题进行了剖析。【结论】开展农田土壤微塑料的赋存特征研究可为农田土壤微塑料污染防治和保障农产品质量安全提供一定的科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 微塑料；土壤；赋存特征；农田；中国 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024227 |
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| Soil microplastic pollution in China: Current insights and future perspective |
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ZHANG Yan, DOU Ming, HAO Songze, LI Ping, WANG Guohao, ZHOU Yuze, LIANG Zhijie
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1. Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China;
2. School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
3. Henan Provincial Technical Center or Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou 450000, China; 4. Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products on Water Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453002, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Microplastics have emerged as a significant contaminant over the past few decades in various ecosystems. While their presence and impacts in other ecosystems have been well documented, their occurrence in soils and potential implications for environmental and ecological functions, as well as food security, remain poorly understood. This paper reviews the occurrence of microplastics in farmlands in China.【Method】The review is based on publications indexed by the Web of Science and CNKI databases. The search results were analyzed using the VOSviewer software, and the microplastics studied in these papers were characterized by their types, abundance, particle diameter, color, and geometric shapes.【Result】The types of microplastics found in farmland soils in China show both similarities and regional variations. Polyethylene and polypropylene, mainly from agricultural use and plastic waste, are the dominant microplastics found across most provinces. Microplastics are most abundant in farmland soils in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Shandong, and Guangxi, with their content exceeding 10 000 particles per kilogram of soil. The diameter of microplastic particles primarily ranges from 0 to 2 mm but varies regionally. For example, in Xinjiang and Guizhou, approximately 85% of microplastic particles have a diameter in the range of 0-0.5 mm and 0-0.1 mm, respectively. Common microplastic colors include transparent, white, black, blue, and yellow, with predominant shapes being fibrous, film, fragment, and foam. Based on these findings, this study proposes strategies for mitigating soil microplastic pollution.【Conclusion】This review provides valuable insights into the occurrence and characteristics of microplastic pollution in farmland soils in China. These findings provide guidance for developing policies and practices to prevent and control soil microplastic pollution to ensure sustainability of agricultural production and environmental health. |
| Key words: microplastics; soil; occurrence characteristics; farmland; China |
