| 引用本文: | 马新雨,刘子剑,孙树臣,等.4年单季生物炭与秸秆还田对潮土
土壤团聚体及有机碳影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(1):74-81. |
| MA Xinyu,LIU Zijian,SUN Shuchen,et al.4年单季生物炭与秸秆还田对潮土
土壤团聚体及有机碳影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(1):74-81. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】阐明连续单季秸秆与生物炭还田对土壤团聚体及有机碳的影响，对于秸秆资源更加合理地应用于农田土壤改良及土壤质量提升至关重要。【方法】以鲁西平原冬小麦-夏玉米轮作土壤为研究对象，以不添加秸秆与生物炭为对照（CK），研究2019—2023年冬小麦单季0.5倍（S0.5，3.80 t/hm2）、1.0倍（S1.0，7.60 t/hm2）、1.5倍（S1.5，11.40 t/hm2）和2.0倍（S2.0，15.20 t/hm2）玉米秸秆与同倍数玉米秸秆炭化还田（B0.5、B1.0、B1.5、B2.0，生物炭量分别为1.14、2.28、3.42、4.56 t/hm2）对冬小麦季耕层土壤团聚体及有机碳影响。【结果】生物炭与秸秆还田均可降低土壤体积质量，0~10 cm土层B2.0处理及10~20 cm土层B1.5处理土壤体积质量较CK对应土层降低最多，分别显著降低9.08%和7.97%。2种秸秆还田方式均在一定程度上促进了土壤团聚体的增加，对?5 mm粒级土壤团聚体改善效果最佳，而1~2 mm粒级土壤团聚体最差。与CK相比，0~10 cm土层中B1.0处理?5 mm粒级土壤团聚体量增加最多，显著增加107.35%，10~20 cm土层中S1.5处理?5 mm粒级土壤团聚体量增加最多，显著增加106.63%。除S1.5、B0.5处理分别降低了0~10 cm土层?0.25 mm粒级、10~20 cm土层1~2 mm粒级团聚体土壤有机碳量（SOC）外，其余生物炭与秸秆还田均促进了SOC的增加，且SOC大致随秸秆及生物炭还田量的增加而增加。【结论】单季玉米秸秆及玉米秸秆炭化还田均可降低耕层土壤体积质量，提高各粒级水稳性团聚体及有机碳量。综合考虑，建议冬小麦季单季采用1.5~2.0倍（3.42~4.56 t/hm2）的玉米秸秆炭化还田是该区提升土壤质量较为合理的秸秆还田方式。 |
| 关键词: 生物炭；秸秆还田；土壤团聚体；有机碳 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024195 |
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| Enhanced soil aggregation and soil organic carbon in fluvo-aquic soil through continuous application of biochar and straws |
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MA Xinyu, LIU Zijian, SUN Shuchen, TIAN Xiaofei, ZHAI Sheng, LI Tingting
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School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Amending soil with biochar and crop straw is an effective technique to improve soil quality and agricultural productivity. This paper investigates the long-term impact of continuous application of straw and biochar on soil aggregation and soil organic carbon (SOC) content in fluvo-aquic soil.【Method】A four-year (2019—2023) experiment was conducted in a winter wheat and summer maize rotation system in the western Shandong Plain. Biochar and maize straw were applied annually at the start of the winter wheat season. Straw was applied at rates of 3.80 (S0.5), 7.60 (S1.0), 11.40 (S1.5), and 15.20 t/hm2 (S2.0), while biochar was applied at rates of 1.14 (B0.5), 2.28 (B1.0), 3.42 (B1.5), and 4.56 t/hm2 (B2.0). The control treatment (CK) involved no soil amendment. After four years, we measured the changes in soil bulk density, aggregate stability, and SOC content in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers. 【Result】Both straw and biochar applications reduced soil bulk density. The soil bulk density in the 0-10 cm soil layer under B2.0 treatment and in the 10-20 cm soil layer under B1.5 treatment decreased the most compared with the corresponding soil layers of CK, with significant reductions of 9.08% and 7.97%, respectively. Both of the two straw returning methods promoted the increase of soil aggregate to a certain extent, and the improvement effect was best for ?5 mm soil aggregate, and worst for 1~2 mm soil aggregate. Compared with CK, the aggregate volume of ?5 mm granular soil treated with B1.0 in 0-10 cm soil layer increased the most significantly by 107.35%, and that of ?5 mm granular soil treated with S1.5 in 10-20 cm soil layer increased the most significantly by 106.63%.Except for SOC content in aggregates < 0.25 mm in the 0-10 cm soil layer under S15.5 and aggregates of 1-2 mm in the 10-20 cm soil layer under B0.5, where SOC content decreased, biochar and straw application significantly increased SOC content in all other aggregate fractions and treatments. SOC content increased with the increase in biochar and straw application.【Conclusion】Annual applications of maize straw and biochar during the winter wheat season effectively improved soil quality by reducing bulk density, enhancing water-stable aggregates, and increasing SOC content in fluvo-aquic soil. For all treatments we compared, our results showed that applying 3.42-4.56 t/hm2 of biochar is most effective for improving soil quality in the studied region. |
| Key words: biochar; straw returning; soil aggregates; soil organic carbon |
