| 引用本文: | 张永兴,袁日萍,甘永德,等.夹沙分层配土条件下紫花苜蓿的光合及蒸腾特性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(4):47-56. |
| ZHANG Yongxing,YUAN Riping,GAN Yongde,et al.夹沙分层配土条件下紫花苜蓿的光合及蒸腾特性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(4):47-56. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明夹沙分层配土对紫花苜蓿生长发育、光合及蒸腾特性的影响。【方法】基于野外试验，对夹沙分层配土（Artificially Layered Soil，ALS）与原状土（Field Undisturbed Soil，FUS）条件下紫花苜蓿的生理生态、光合特征以及蒸腾耗水规律进行对比研究，利用SHAW模型进行土壤水热平衡分析。【结果】在同一茬次下，ALS处理相比FUS处理下的苜蓿平均株高增加8.5%，茎粗增加10.4%，茎叶比增加18.2%，干物质量增加7.1%，ALS处理对苜蓿生理生态因子具有显著影响。自然条件下，ALS处理苜蓿日平均净光合速率较FUS处理高8.69%~109.39%，最大净光合效率高9.27%~64.23%，蒸腾速率和气孔导度也有较大幅度提升，ALS处理能够有效提高紫花苜蓿光合能力。FUS处理紫花苜蓿总蒸散发量为576.85 mm，ALS处理为381.45 mm，在生长季蒸腾耗水量更大的条件下，ALS处理降低了51.22%的土壤无效蒸发量。【结论】ALS处理提升了土壤入渗能力，降低了土壤无效蒸发量，可实现水资源高效利用。 |
| 关键词: 干旱区；紫花苜蓿；分层配土；光合特性；蒸腾特性 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024297 |
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| Effect of stratified soil mixed with sand on photosynthesis and transpiration of alfalfa |
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ZHANG Yongxing, YUAN Riping, GAN Yongde, ZHEGN Liping, WANG Shangtao, LIU huan, JIA Yangwen, NIU Cunwen
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1. Xining Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Xining 810000, China;
2. School of Civil Engineering, Qinghai University/Laboratory of Ecological Protection and High Quality Development of the
Upper Yellow River, Xining 810016, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycles in River Basin,
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Stratifying soil with sand is an engineering technique commonly used to improve the drainage and aeration of fine-textured soils. This study investigates its effects on the growth, transpiration, and photosynthesis of alfalfa.【Method】A field experiment was conducted to compare intact soil (FUS) and soil treated with a sand-stratification technique (ALS). In each treatment, physiological traits, photosynthetic traits, transpiration, and water consumption of alfalfa were measured. The hydrothermal balance of each soil type was analyzed using the soil-heat-water model.【Result】Under identical conditions, ALS significantly influenced the physiological and ecological traits of alfalfa. Specifically, compared to FUS, ALS increased average plant height by 8.5%, stem diameter by 10.4%, stem-to-leaf ratio by 18.2%, and dry mass by 7.1%. Under natural conditions, ALS increased the daily average net photosynthetic rate by 8.69% to 109.39%, with maximum increases ranging from 9.27% to 64.23%. Moreover, ALS significantly enhanced transpiration and stomatal conductance compared to FUS. The total evapotranspiration of alfalfa was 576.85 mm under FUS and 381.45 mm under ALS. Additionally, ALS reduced soil-surface evaporation by 51.22% during the peak water-demand period of the growing season.【Conclusion】Stratifying fine-textured soil with sand improved water infiltration, reduced soil surface evaporation, and enhanced the water use efficiency of alfalfa, thereby increasing its yield. |
| Key words: arid area; alfalfa; artificially layered soil; photosynthetic characteristics; transpiration characteristics |
