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| 引用本文: | 张纪涛,史向远,温云杰,等.沼液配肥对大葱产量、土壤养分与细菌群落的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(6):22-30. |
| ZHANG Jitao,SHI Xiangyuan,WEN Yunjie,et al.沼液配肥对大葱产量、土壤养分与细菌群落的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(6):22-30. |
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| 沼液配肥对大葱产量、土壤养分与细菌群落的影响 |
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张纪涛，史向远，温云杰，王秀红，王保平，周 静
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1.山西农业大学 山西有机旱作农业研究院/农业农村部有机旱作农业
重点实验室（部省共建）/有机旱作农业山西省重点实验室，太原 030031；
2.山西农业大学 高寒区作物研究所，山西 大同 037008
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究沼液配肥对大葱养分吸收利用、土壤理化性质与微生物及其作用关系的影响，为沼液配肥利用、推进沼液高效利用提供技术理论依据。【方法】于2022年5—10月，以章丘铁杆大葱为研究对象，以不追肥（NF）为对照，研究追施等氮量的化肥（CF）、沼液（BS）、沼液肥1（BSF1）和沼液肥2（BSF2）对大葱产量、养分吸收利用、土壤理化性质和土壤细菌群落结构特征的影响。【结果】与NF处理相比，CF、BS、BSF1、BSF2处理大葱产量分别提高了37.48%、63.33%、92.53%、59.78%。与CF处理相比，BS、BSF1、BSF2处理显著提高了大葱的肥料利用率（FUE，提高50.63%~71.06%）、土壤总有机碳（TOC，17.90%~28.51%）、可溶性有机碳（DOC，39.80%~47.11%）、全氮（TN，21.28%~81.91%）量，其中，BSF1处理大葱氮素利用率（NUE）和FUE最高，分别为59.34%和31.60%。与CF处理相比，BS、BSF1处理显著提高了绿弯菌门相对丰度，而降低了酸杆菌门相对丰度。与NF处理相比，CF处理显著降低了土壤细菌群落的α多样性指数。【结论】综合产量和肥料效应等来看，BSF1处理是大葱适宜的沼液平衡肥配制方案。 |
| 关键词: 沼液；大葱；养分利用效率；细菌群落 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024343 |
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| Effect of combined use of biogas slurry and fertilizers on spring onion yield, soil nutrients and bacterial community |
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ZHANG Jitao, SHI Xiangyuan, WEN Yunjie, WANG Xiuhong, WANG Baoping, ZHOU Jing
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1. Shanxi Academy of Organic Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agriculture University/Key Laboratory of
Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-construction by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Shanxi Province)/
Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan 030031, China;
2. High Latitude Crops Institute, Shanxi Agriculture University, Datong 037008, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Irrigating vegetables with biogas slurry is an environmentally friendly approach for recycling organic waste in urban fringe areas. This study investigates the effects of combining biogas slurry with chemical fertilizers on the yield of spring onion (Allium fistulosum L.), soil nutrient content, and the soil microbial community.【Method】The experiment was conducted from May to October 2022 using the Zhangqiu variety of spring onion. Five topdressing treatments were applied: no fertilization (NF), chemical fertilization (CF), biogas slurry alone (BS), biogas slurry combined with fertilizer 1 (BSF1), and biogas slurry combined with fertilizer 2 (BSF2). The effects of these treatments on onion yield, nutrient uptake and utilization, soil fertility, and soil bacterial community composition were measured and analyzed.【Result】Compared to NF, CF, BS, BSF1 and BSF2 increased onion yield by 37.48%, 63.33%, 92.53%, and 59.78%, respectively. Compared to CF, BS, BSF1 and BSF2 improved fertilizer utilization efficiency (FUE) by 50.63% to 71.06%; total organic carbon (TOC) by 17.90% to 28.51%; dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by 39.80% to 47.11%; and total nitrogen (TN) by 21.28% to 81.91%. BSF1 had the highest nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and FUE, at 59.34% and 31.60%, respectively. Compared to CF, BS and BSF1 significantly increased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi while reducing that of Acidobacteria. CF notably reduced the α-diversity index of the soil bacterial community. 【Conclusion】Compared to chemical fertilization alone, application of biogas slurry in combination with reduced chemical fertilization (BSF1) enhanced onion yield, nutrient use efficiency, soil carbon and nitrogen content, and improved the soil microbial community. Among all treatments, BSF1 proved most effective in enhancing both productivity and fertilizer use efficiency of the spring onion. |
| Key words: biogas slurry; Allium fistulosum L.; nutrient use efficiency; bacterial community |
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