| 引用本文: | 王亓剑,丁 浩,杨 玲,等.水分胁迫对三七表型、生理特性及品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(8):53-64. |
| WANG Qijian,DING Hao,YANG Ling,et al.水分胁迫对三七表型、生理特性及品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(8):53-64. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究水分胁迫对三七表型及生长规律的影响。【方法】采用单因素试验设计，设置4个水分处理，单次灌水量分别为4.29、7.14、10.00、12.86 mm，测定三七生长指标、干物质积累量、生理特性、产量和品质等，基于TOPSIS综合评价三七品质。【结果】①各处理三七株高、茎粗、叶片长度及叶面积的变化趋势大致相同，均在果期达到最大，且W2处理三七株高、茎粗、叶长及叶面积均最高。②随着水分胁迫程度增加，三七净光合速率呈先增加后降低的趋势，蒸腾速率呈逐渐增加的趋势，且W2处理三七净光合速率和蒸腾速率均最大。③W2处理三七有效成分积累量均最大。在干物质积累方面，W2处理地上部分干质量和鲜质量均最大，分别为6.15 g和6.38 g；W2处理根部干质量和鲜质量均最大，分别为1.64 g和3.66 g。在产量方面，W2处理总产量最大，为1 315.82 kg/hm2。在品质方面，W2处理三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rd和总皂苷量均最大，分别为1.56%、3.04%、0.15%、2.87%、2.52%和10.14%。④随着水分胁迫程度的增加，叶片发病率呈先降低后增加的趋势，W2处理在抑制叶片发病方面效果最佳，发病率仅为3.94%。⑤TOPSIS分析表明，W2处理Ci值最高。【结论】综上可知，W2处理（单次7.14 mm灌水量）适宜三七生长，且有效成分积累多，叶片发病率低。 |
| 关键词: 三七；植物表型；水分胁迫；生长规律；产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025066 |
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| The effects of water stress on physiological traits, disease infection, and quality of Panax notoginseng |
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WANG Qijian, DING Hao, YANG Ling, YAN Mingtai, YANG Qiliang
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1. School of Electronic Engineering/School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei 230088, China;
2. College of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
3. Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Panax notoginseng is a valuable medicinal herb widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for its high content of bioactive saponins. Its growth and medicinal quality are sensitive to environmental conditions. This paper investigates the effects of different water stress levels on growth, physiological traits, yield and quality of Panax notoginseng.【Method】The experiment consisted of four water amount treatments: 4.29, 7.14, 10.00 and 12.86 mm. During the experiment, we measured growth traits, dry matter accumulation, physiological traits, yield and quality of Panax notoginseng. The TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the impact of irrigation amount on the quality of Panax notoginseng.【Result】① As time elapsed, the changes in plant height, stem diameter, leaf length and leaf area of the plant showed approximately the same trend, all reaching the maximum at the fruiting stage. These traits were the highest in W2. ② With increasing water stress, the net photosynthetic rate of the plant increased first and then decreased, while the transpiration rate increased consistently. The net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of the plant were the highest in W2. ③ The accumulation of active ingredients in the plant was the largest in W2. The maximum above-ground dry mass and fresh mass in W2 were 6.15 g and 6.38 g, respectively; the associated maximum dry and fresh mass of the roots were 1.64 g and 3.66 g, respectively. The maximum total yield in the W2 was 1 315.82 kg/hm2. In W2, the maximum values of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rd, and total saponins in the plant were 1.56%, 3.04%, 0.15%, 2.87%, 2.52% and 10.14%, respectively. ④ With the increase in water stress, the leaf disease incidence decreased first and then increased. W2 was most effective in inhibiting leaf disease, with disease incident being 3.94%. ⑤ The TOPSIS analysis showed the Ci value of W2 was the highest.【Conclusion】A single irrigation amount of 7.14 mm is optimal for growth of Panax notoginseng, with high accumulation of active ingredients and low leaf disease infection. |
| Key words: Panax notoginseng; plant phenotype; water stress; growth regularity; yield |
