| 引用本文: | 吴 虑,王 萍,杨兴龙,等.基于生物评价的农村生活再生水农田灌溉可行性分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(11):150-160. |
| WU Lyu,WANG Ping,YANG Xinglong,et al.基于生物评价的农村生活再生水农田灌溉可行性分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(11):150-160. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】深入探讨农村生活再生水在农业领域中的合理应用潜力，明确其用于农田灌溉的可能性。【方法】通过农作物种子萌发试验、土培试验和测定实地采集的土壤样品有关指标，探究农村生活再生水对种子萌发、土壤酶活性以及微生物群落结构的影响。【结果】在7个随机选取的水样处理条件下，萝卜、上海青和水稻种子的发芽率分别在96.7%~100%、85.0%~93.3%和88.3%~95.0%，发芽指数分别在19.0~19.8、14.4~18.2和5.64~6.42。与对照组相比，再生水对农作物种子发芽率和发芽指数无显著影响，个别点位水样显著抑制上海青种子根长生长。再生水灌溉能够提高土壤硝态氮、铵态氮和有效磷量，其中硝态氮的增量在13.2%~265%。同时，再生水提高了土壤蔗糖酶活性，但对土壤碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性有抑制作用，降低幅度分别在16.8%~23.9%和22.2%~54.2%。16S rDNA测序结果表明农村生活再生水灌溉降低了土壤细菌群落多样性，改变了土壤微生物的优势度，表现为灌溉点位中酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）相对丰度升高，而假单胞菌门（Pseudomonadota）相对丰度降低，同时Candidatus Koribacter属、Candidatus Solibacter属和Chujaibacter属等对土壤有益微生物的相对丰度明显提高。【结论】农村生活再生水虽未显著提高种子萌发率，但可有效增加土壤养分量，同时促进土壤中有益微生物的增殖。针对此类灌溉场景，建议构建种子萌发评价、土壤理化性质及微生物群落的多维度监测体系，动态追踪土壤质量变化，维持土壤生态平衡，保障农作物安全。 |
| 关键词: 农村生活再生水；再利用；生物评价；土壤养分；微生物群落结构 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025047 |
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| Biological evaluation of the feasibility of farmland irrigation with reclaimed water |
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WU Lyu, WANG Ping, YANG Xinglong, WANG Yunting, YE Qian,
CHEN Lingli, WU Xinyu, GUO Di, ZHAO Zhiqing
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1. College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China;
2. School of Petroleum and Environment Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Reclaimed water from rural households offers a promising supplementary source for agricultural irrigation in water-scarce regions. However, its safety and ecological impacts require systematic evaluation. This study assesses the suitability of rural reclaimed water for farmland irrigation by examining its effects on seed germination and soil microbial and chemical properties.【Method】The experiment included incubation and analysis of field soil and water samples. It examined the influence of irrigation with water from different sources on seed germination of seven crops. In addition, we analysed the changes in enzymatic activity and microbial community in different treatment.【Result】Among the 13 collected water samples, pH, CODCr, and ammonia nitrogen concentrations met the Class I limits of the local rural domestic sewage discharge standard (DB33/973—2021). Concentrations of pH, CODCr, Pb, Cd, Cr??, Hg, and As also complied with the national agricultural irrigation water quality standard (GB5084—2021). Germination rates of radish, Shanghai green, and rice seeds under different irrigation sources ranged from 96.7%-100%, 85.0%-93.3%, and 88.3%-95.0%, respectively, showing no significant difference from the control. Irrigation with reclaimed water increased soil nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and available phosphorus contents, with nitrate nitrogen rising by 13.2%-265% compared to the control. Sucrase activity increased, while alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities decreased by 16.8%-23.9% and 22.2%-54.2%, respectively. 16S rDNA sequencing revealed a reduction in bacterial diversity but enrichment of Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and beneficial taxa such as Candidatus Koribacter, Candidatus Solibacter, and Chujaibacter.【Conclusion】 Irrigation with rural reclaimed water has no significant adverse effect on seed germination and enhances soil nutrient availability and beneficial microbial abundance. For the safe and sustainable use of reclaimed water in agriculture, a multidimensional monitoring framework integrating seed viability, soil physicochemical characteristics, and microbial community dynamics is recommended to ensure soil health and crop safety. |
| Key words: rural life reclaimed water; recycle; biological assessment; soil nutrients; microbial community structure |
