| 引用本文: | 赵 桥,马英杰,辛明亮,等.果树咸水灌溉：现状、挑战与技术发展前景[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(2):8-19. |
| ZHAO Qiao,MA Yingjie,XIN Mingliang,et al.果树咸水灌溉：现状、挑战与技术发展前景[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(2):8-19. |
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| 摘要: |
| 咸水资源的开发利用已成为缓解干旱区淡水资源匮乏、保障水资源安全的有效途径。随着果树种植面积的扩大，水资源需求日益增加，拓展可利用灌溉水源，特别是咸水资源的合理利用，已成为确保果树产业可持续发展的关键途径。为此，本文系统分析咸水资源在果树灌溉中的应用潜力，评估不同盐度水源对果树生长的影响，重点探讨了咸水灌溉下果树生理特性、渗透调节物质与离子转运及调控措施，鉴于目前咸水灌溉在果树耐盐机理、盐分适应阈值、果树-土壤系统响应机制、咸水灌溉调控技术体系及果树咸水灌溉的开发前景与潜在风险研究不足，建议加强不同果树长期咸水灌溉耐盐机制及咸水灌溉技术体系的综合研究，以实现咸水资源的科学高效利用，为绿色节水农业和咸水资源高效安全利用提供理论依据与技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 咸水灌溉；果树；生理响应；灌溉模式；生态效应 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025159 |
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| Brackish water irrigation in orchards: A review |
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ZHAO Qiao, MA Yingjie, XIN Mingliang, AI Pengrui, XU Yuan, ZUO Shunli
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1. Xinjiang Agricultural University, College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Conservancy Engineering Safety and Water Disaster Prevention, Urumqi 830052, China
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| Abstract: |
| The development and utilization of brackish water resources have emerged as effective strategies to alleviate freshwater scarcity and enhance water security in arid and semi-arid regions. The continued expansion of fruit tree cultivation in Northwestern China has further intensified agricultural water demand, making the diversification of irrigation water sources - particularly the rational use of brackish water - critical for the sustainable development of the fruit tree industry. This review systematically examines the potential of brackish water for irrigation in fruit tree production and evaluates the effects of irrigation water with varying salinity on fruit tree growth and development. Emphasis is placed on physiological responses, including growth characteristics, changes in osmoregulatory substances, ion transport and distribution mechanisms, and management practices for saline water irrigation. In view of the existing knowledge gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying tolerance of crops to salinity, salinity adaptation thresholds, fruit tree-soil interactions, brackish water irrigation management, and long-term ecological impacts of saline water irrigation, future research should prioritize comprehensive and long-term experimental studies of these areas. Improving our understanding of salt tolerance mechanisms, innovating saline irrigation technologies, and adaptive management strategies for different fruit tree species will help improve sustainable utilization of brackish water resources, providing theoretical foundations and technical guidance for developing green, water-saving agriculture, and the safe and efficient use of brackish water in this region. |
| Key words: brackish water irrigation; fruit tree; physiological response; irrigation mode; ecological effect |
