| 引用本文: | 胡万林,杨 伟,王紫嫣,等.长期控水灌溉对双季稻产量形成及其稳定性的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(2):31-38. |
| HU Wanlin,YANG Wei,WANG Ziyan,et al.长期控水灌溉对双季稻产量形成及其稳定性的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(2):31-38. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究长期控水灌溉对双季稻产量及其稳定性的影响，为稻田节水灌溉和可持续发展提供理论依据。【方法】基于2013—2019年湖北省荆州市双季稻大田试验，设置常规灌溉（CK）与控水灌溉（WI）处理，分析产量、生物量、产量构成因素及稳定性指标（变异系数CV、产量可持续指数SYI）的变化。【结果】控水灌溉处理下早稻生物量与常规灌溉处理相比变化率介于-3.87%~6.12%，有效穗数变化率介于-8.56%~2.32%，结实率变化率介于-4.67%~1.03%，每穗粒数变化率介于-9.95%~5.99%，千粒质量变化率介于-3.54%~-0.54%，产量变化率介于-6.69%~ 6.70%，收获指数变化率介于-3.11%~0.56%。控水灌溉处理下晚稻生物量与常规灌溉处理相比增加0.57%~13.95%，有效穗数变化率介于-0.21%~7.46%，结实率变化率介于-1.44%~8.12%，每穗粒数变化率介于-14.12%~7.08%，千粒质量变化率介于-0.11%~2.97%，产量变化率介于-0.88%~9.70%，收获指数变化率介于-3.72%~1.97%。双季稻总产量稳中有增（增幅介于1.07%~7.73%）。控水灌溉处理降低早稻产量稳定性（CV增加至10.28%，SYI降至0.756），但对晚稻稳定性无显著影响，双季稻系统总产量稳定性无显著变化（CV由4.83%降至3.79%）。偏最小二乘路径模型（PLS-PM）表明，控水灌溉对早稻产量形成具有负向效应，对晚稻具有正向效应，平均气温、降水量对产量、生物量也有显著影响。【结论】控水灌溉对早稻产量具有一定负面影响，但可提高晚稻产量，并通过双季稻互补效应维持总产量稳定性，是一种可持续的灌溉模式。 |
| 关键词: 控水灌溉；双季稻；产量形成；产量稳定性 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025192 |
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| Effects of long-term controlled irrigation on formation and stability of yield of double-season rice |
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HU Wanlin, YANG Wei, WANG Ziyan, CHEN Xi, MIAO Tiantian, QIN Xiaobo, ZHU Bo, YI Lixia, WANG Bin
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1. Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Wetland Agriculture, College of Agriculture,
Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
2. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water scarcity and inefficient irrigation are major constraints in paddy rice production, particularly in regions cultivating double-season rice. This paper experimentally investigates the effects of long-term controlled water irrigation on the yield and stability of double-season rice.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a double-season rice field from 2013 to 2019 in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. There were two irrigation treatments: conventional irrigation (CK) and controlled water irrigation (WI). In each treatment, we measured yield and yield component, biomass, and yield stability indices characterized by the coefficient of variation (CV) and the sustainability yield index (SYI).【Result】Compared with conventional irrigation, controlled irrigation only changed the biomass of early rice by -3.87% to 6.12%, the effective spike numbers by -8.56% to 2.32%, the seed-setting rate by -4.67% to 1.03%, the grain numbers per spike by -9.95% to 5.99%, the 1000-grain weight by -3.54% to -0.54%, the grain yield by -6.69% to 6.70%, and the harvest index by -3.11% to 0.56%. For late rice, controlled irrigation increased the biomass by 0.57%-13.95%, changed the effective spike numbers by -0.21% to 7.46%, seed-setting rate by -1.44% to 8.12%, the grain numbers per spike by -14.12% to 7.08%, the 1 000-grain weight by -0.11% to 2.97%, the grain yield by -0.88% to 9.70%, and the harvest index by -3.72% to 1.97%. Overall, controlled irrigation increased the total yield of double-season rice by 1.07%-7.73%. In addition, controlled irrigation increased the CV of early rice by 10.28% and reduced its SYI by 0.756, while showing no significant effect on late rice. Overall, controlled irrigation did not show a noticeable impact on the yield stability of double-season rice, with the CV of total yield decreasing from 4.83% to 3.79%. Partial least squares path modelling showed that controlled irrigation affected early rice yield negatively and late rice yield positively. Meteorological factors, such as average temperature and rainfall, significantly impacted both yield and biomass of the rice.【Conclusion】Controlled irrigation reduces early rice yield but increases late rice yield. This complementary effect maintains the yield stability of double-season rice. Controlled irrigation is thus a water-saving strategy to sustain paddy fields. |
| Key words: controlled water irrigation; double-season rice; yield formation; yield stability |
