| 引用本文: | 吴 昊,张铁坚,段楚硕,等.农村改厕沼液施用对绿豆生长及土壤养分的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(6):85-91. |
| WU Hao,ZHANG Tiejian,DUAN Chushuo,et al.农村改厕沼液施用对绿豆生长及土壤养分的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(6):85-91. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究农村改厕发酵沼液施用对绿豆生长及土壤养分的影响。【方法】基于田间试验，设置9个处理，分别为不施肥（CK）；单施化肥（CF）；单施沼液（T1~T4），沼液氮分别为化肥施氮量的75%、100%、125%和150%；沼液配施化肥（T5~T7），沼液氮配施比例分别为75%、50%和25%，分析不同沼液处理对绿豆作物生长、产量、品质、养分吸收和土壤肥力的影响。【结果】施肥可显著提高绿豆产量。T1、T2、T4、T6处理下的产量与CF处理无显著差异，其中T6处理产量最高。沼液施用显著提高了绿豆秸秆和籽粒氮、磷、钾积累量，增加了籽粒粗蛋白量。沼液施用可显著改善土壤养分状况，T5、T7处理下土壤有机质量的增幅分别为48.73%、59.06%。单施沼液条件下（T1~T4处理），随着沼液施用量增加，土壤中碱解氮量增加。沼液配施化肥对土壤有效磷、速效钾量的提升效果显著，T6、T7处理下土壤有效磷、速效钾量的增幅分别为174.7%、262.33%和21.84%、30.24%。通过隶属函数综合评价可知，T6处理（50%沼液配施50%化肥）综合得分最高，优于其他处理。【结论】50%沼液配施50%化肥处理为本试验最佳施肥方案，可为当地农村厕所粪污资源化利用、绿豆产量品质提升和土壤环境改善提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 农村厕所粪污；沼液；绿豆；养分吸收；土壤肥力 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025391 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Effect of biogas slurry from rural sanitation improvement on mung bean growth and soil nutrient |
|
WU Hao, ZHANG Tiejian, DUAN Chushuo, ZHANG Xu, ZHANG Liyong, LIU Hongquan
|
|
College of Urban and Rural Construction, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The fermented biogas slurry produced from upgraded rural sanitation systems is a potential organic fertilizer, but its effect on crop growth and soil nutrients is poorly understood. Taking mung bean as an example, we experimentally address this knowledge gap.【Method】The field experiment consisted of nine treatments: no fertilization (CK), a single application of chemical fertilizer (CF), a single application of biogas slurry with its nitrogen equivalent to 75% (T1), 100% (T2), 125% (T3), and 150% (T4) of the nitrogen content in the chemical fertilization treatment, and combinations of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer, in which the nitrogen supplied by biogas slurry accounted for 75% (T5), 50% (T6), and 25% (T7) of that in the chemical fertilization. During the experiment, we measured mung bean growth, yield, seed quality, nutrient uptake, and soil fertility in each treatment.【Result】Fertilization significantly increased the yield of mung beans. There was no significant difference in mung bean yields between CF, T1, T2, T4 and T6, although the yield of T6 was the highest but without statistical significance. Applying biogas slurry significantly increased the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in mung bean straw and seeds, as well as the crude protein content of the seeds; it also significantly improved soil nutrient status. Compared with CK, T5 and T7 increased soil organic matter by 48.73% and 59.06%, respectively. When biogas slurry was applied alone, available soil nitrogen increased with increasing biogas slurry application rate. The combined application of biogas slurry and chemical fertilizer significantly increased the content of available soil phosphorus and potassium. T6 and T7 increased available soil phosphorus by 174.7% and 262.33%, and available soil potassium by 21.84% and 30.24%, respectively. A comprehensive evaluation using the membership function method indicated that T6 achieved the highest overall score.【Conclusion】Our results showed that combining 50% biogas slurry nitrogen with 50% chemical fertilizer nitrogen was the optimal treatment. It can be used as an improved fertilization strategy for effective utilization of waste from upgraded rural sanitation systems to enhance mung bean yield and soil health in regions similar to the experimental site. |
| Key words: rural toilet sewage; biogas slurry; mung bean; nutrient absorption; soil fertility |
