| 摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】明确我国近20年来水资源整体状况，为改善用水结构和水质提供决策依据。【方法】本文通过统计2001—2020年水资源数据，分析用水量、水资源量以及水质变化趋势。【结果】结果显示，2001—2020年我国人均水资源量为2058.2 m3，接近中度缺水（人均2000 m3）；供水量方面，地表水供应量最大，其次是地下水，其他方面供水量占比在逐年增加；用水量方面，农业用水和工业用水占比较大，近几年呈现缓慢下降的趋势，生活用水量在逐年增加；河流水质改善效果较为明显，2020年劣Ⅴ类河流水质占比仅为0.2%；地下水水质污染状况严重，2020年Ⅲ类及以上水质占比仅为22.7%，地下水水质亟待改善。【结论】我国水资源配置以及水质问题仍然十分严峻，更加科学规范的水资源管理措施有待实施。 |
| 关键词: 供水量；用水量；用水结构；水资源量；水质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV211；X52 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis on the change trend of national water resources from 2001 to 2020 |
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XuLinxiao1,LinSheng2
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1.SHAN DONG LINYI WATER CONSERVANCY COMPANY;2.山东临沂水利工程总公司
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 clarify the overall situation of water resources in China in recent 20 years, so as to provide decision—making basis for improving water use structure and water quality. 【Method】 Based on the statistics of water resources data from 2001 to 2020, this paper analyzes the change trend of water consumption, water resources and water quality. 【Result】 The results show that the per capita water resources in China from 2001 to 2020 is 2058.2m3,Near moderate water shortage (2000 m3 per capita)； In terms of water supply, surface water supply is the largest, followed by groundwater, and the proportion of water supply in other aspects is increasing year by year; In terms of water consumption, agricultural water and industrial water account for a large proportion, showing a slow downward trend in recent years, and domestic water consumption is increasing year by year; The improvement effect of river water quality is obvious. In 2020, the proportion of water quality inferior to class V river is only 0.2%; The groundwater quality is seriously polluted. In 2020, the proportion of class III and above water quality is only 22.7%. The groundwater quality needs to be improved. 【Conclusion】 China''s water resources allocation and water quality problems are still very serious, and more scientific and standardized water resources management measures need to be implemented. |
| Key words: water supply; water consumption; Water structure; Water resources; Water Quality |
