| 引用本文: | 黄增健,李江,缴锡云,等.秸秆还田及过程因素对土壤氮素影响的Meta分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| huangzengjian,lijiang,jiaoxiyun,et al.秸秆还田及过程因素对土壤氮素影响的Meta分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】评估秸秆还田过程中不同因素对农田土壤氮素水平的影响。【方法】采用Meta分析方法，在中国知网、Web of Science及Science of Direct上搜集秸秆还田相关文献42篇，共得到314对数据，定量分析了秸秆种类、土壤初始条件、秸秆还田方式、秸秆还田量、氮肥配施量以及秸秆还田年数对土壤氮素水平的影响。【结果】使用不同种类秸秆进行还田均能有效提高土壤总氮含量；相较于黏土，秸秆还田能有效促进砂土和壤土的氮素积累；在碱性土壤条件下进行秸秆还田，土壤的固氮效果较好；秸秆还田后土壤氮素的提升率随土壤碳氮比增加而下降；采用翻耕、旋耕和免耕进行秸秆还田分别能提升9.11%、7.84%、5.34%的土壤总氮含量；施用秸秆能有效促进土壤氮素积累，但不同还田量间对应的土壤氮素提升率差距较小；少量（≤150 kg/hm2）及中量（150~250 kg/hm2）配施氮肥所取得的土壤固氮效果较为接近，氮肥施用量超过250 kg/hm2时秸秆还田后土壤氮素积累效果会显著增加；还田年数的长短并非影响土壤氮素水平的关键因素，秸秆长期还田（>10 a）与短期还田（1~4 a）取得的土壤增氮效果较为接近。【结论】碱性、低碳氮比的非黏性土壤更有利于秸秆腐解及氮素释放，为促进土壤氮素积累，建议在合理配施氮肥的条件下将秸秆以翻耕的方式进行中短期（≤10 a）还田。 |
| 关键词: 秸秆;还田;土壤;氮素;Meta分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S154.1 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1700803-2）；江苏省重点研发计划项目（D21YFD17008） |
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| Meta-analysis for the impacts of straw returning and process factors on soil nitrogen |
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huangzengjian, lijiang, jiaoxiyun, guoweihua, guzhe
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College of Agricultural Science and Engineering，Hohai University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of different factors on soil nitrogen level in the process of straw returning were evaluated.【Method】A total of 42 articles related to straw returning were collected on CNKI, Web of Science and Science of Direct, and a total of 314 pairs of data were obtained. The effects of straw types, initial soil conditions, straw returning methods, straw returning amount, nitrogen fertilizer application amount and straw returning years on soil nitrogen level were quantitatively analyzed.【Result】The use of different types of straw to the field can effectively increase the total nitrogen content of the soil; compared with clay, straw returning can effectively promote nitrogen accumulation in sandy soil and loam. Under the condition of alkaline soil, the nitrogen fixation effect of the soil is better; the increase rate of soil nitrogen after straw returning decreased with the increase of soil carbon-nitrogen ratio. Straw returning with plowing, rotary tillage and no-tillage could increase soil total nitrogen content by 9.11%, 7.84% and 5.34%, respectively. The application of straw can effectively promote soil nitrogen accumulation, but the difference of soil nitrogen promotion rate between different returning amounts is small. The effect of soil nitrogen fixation obtained by applying a small amount (≤150 kg/hm2) and a medium amount (150~250 kg/hm2) of nitrogen fertilizer was relatively close. When the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied exceeded 250 kg/hm2, the effect of soil nitrogen accumulation after straw returning increased significantly. The number of years of straw returning was not the key factor affecting soil nitrogen level. The effect of long-term straw returning (>10 a) and short-term straw returning (1~4 a) on soil nitrogen increase was close.【Conclusion】The non-cohesive soil with alkaline and low C/N ratio is more conducive to straw decomposition and nitrogen release. In order to promote soil nitrogen accumulation, it is suggested that straw should be returned to the field in the medium and short term (≤10 a) by tillage under the condition of reasonable nitrogen fertilizer application. |
| Key words: straw; straw retuning; soil; nitrogen; Meta-analysis |
