| 引用本文: | 柳腾飞,马莉,汪顺生,等.水氮耦合对畦灌冬小麦水氮利用效率以及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Liu Tengfei,Ma Li,wangshunsheng,et al.水氮耦合对畦灌冬小麦水氮利用效率以及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探究水氮耦合对畦灌冬小麦产量、产投比（Value to Cost Ratio，VCR）、土壤氮素残留、水分利用效率(Water Use Efficiency，WUE)和氮素农学效率（Nitrogen Agronomic Efficiency，NAE）的影响，进而优化河南省畦灌冬小麦水氮管理制度。【方法】本研究以济麦22为研究对象，设定3个土壤水分控制下限（60%田间持水量（W1）、70%田间持水量（W2）、80%田间持水量（W3）），三个施氮量水平(120 kg·hm-2（N1）、220 kg·hm-2（N2）、320 kg·hm-2(N3))耦合，建立综合评价小麦产量、水分利用效率、氮素农学效率以及产投比的多目标优化模型，使用遗传算法进行寻优。【结果】1）土壤水分控制下限、施氮量和两因子的交互作用对冬小麦水分利用效率和氮素农学效率、0~60 cm深度土壤硝态氮残留、产量及构成因素均有极显著影响（P＜0.01），且土壤水分控制下限对产量及构成要素的影响高于施氮量，产量和水分利用效率均随土壤水分控制下限和施氮量的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势。2）在W2N2处理时，冬小麦的产量最大为8 803.04 kg·hm-2，净利润最大为13 771.62 元·hm-2，相较于W1N1处理的净利润增加了47.55%。【结论】畦灌冬小麦最优的水氮管理措施为70%田间持水量，施氮量239.97kg·hm-2，该处理得到的最优化产量为8 683.8 kg·hm-2，最优化水分利用效率为1.887 6 kg·m-3，最优化氮素农学效率为20.23kg·kg-1，最优化产投比为2.73。 |
| 关键词: 水氮耦合;水分利用效率;氮素农学效率;产量;产投比;土壤氮素残留 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.3 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52079051)；河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划资助(24IRTSTHN012)；河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22A57004,23A570006)；华北水利水电大学博士研究生创新基金(NCWUBC202302) |
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| Effects of water-nitrogen coupling on water and nitrogen use efficiency as well as yield of border irrigated winter wheat |
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Liu Tengfei1, Ma Li2, wangshunsheng1, Liu Yulong1, Wang Diru1, Li Kaixuan1, Zhao Yifei1
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1.North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power;2.Zhaokou Sub-center of Henan Province East Yu Water Conservancy Protection Center
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| Abstract: |
| [Objective] To investigate the effects of water-nitrogen coupling on yield, Value to Cost Ratio (VCR), soil nitrogen residue, Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and Nitrogen Agronomic Efficiency (NAE) of border-irrigated winter wheat. Optimise the water and nitrogen management system of winter wheat under border irrigation in Henan Province. [Method] In this study, three lower limits of soil moisture control (60% field water holding capacity (W1), 70% field water holding capacity (W2), 80% field water holding capacity (W3)) and three levels of nitrogen application (120 kg·hm-2 (N1), 220 kg·hm-2 (N2), 320 kg·hm-2 (N3)) were coupled to establish a comprehensive evaluation of wheat yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) in winter wheat. A multi-objective optimisation model for comprehensively evaluating wheat yield, water use efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, and Value to Cost Ratio was developed, and optimisation was sought using genetic algorithms. 【Results】1)Soil moisture control lower limit, nitrogen application and the interaction of the two factors had highly significant effects on water use efficiency and nitrogen agronomic efficiency, soil nitrate nitrogen residue at 0-60 cm depth, yield and constitutive factors of winter wheat (P＜0.01), and the effect of irrigation lower limit on yield and constitutive factors was greater than that of nitrogen application, and yield and water use efficiency increased and then decreased with the increase of soil moisture control lower limit and nitrogen application. increased firstly and then decreased. 2) At W2N2 treatment, the maximum yield of winter wheat was 8,803.04 kg·hm-2, and the maximum net profit was 13,771.62 yuan·hm-2, which increased by 47.55% compared with the net profit of W1N1 treatment. [Conclusion] The optimum water and nitrogen management practice for border irrigated winter wheat was 70% field water holding capacity and 239.97 kg·hm-2 of nitrogen application, and the optimum yield obtained from this treatment was 8,683.8 kg-hm-2, the optimum water use efficiency was 1.887 6 kg·m-3, the optimum nitrogen agronomic efficiency was 20.23 kg·kg-1, and the optimum Value to Cost Ratio was 2.73. |
| Key words: water-nitrogen coupling; water use efficiency; nitrogen agronomic efficiency; yield; Value to Cost Ratio; soil nitrogen residue |
