| 引用本文: | 郑茹月,任前,谢琪,等.中国西北旱区加工番茄需水量时空变异特征研究 [J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Zheng Ruyue,Ren Qian,Xie Qi,et al.中国西北旱区加工番茄需水量时空变异特征研究 [J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究中国西北旱区加工番茄需水量的时空变异特征。【方法】根据西北旱区40个典型气象站点1985-2014年的气象资料，基于作物系数法和水量平衡原理，计算并分析了研究区加工番茄不同生育阶段及全生育期实际腾发量（ETc）和灌溉需水量（Ic）的时空变异规律。【结果】（1）西北旱区加工番茄全生育期ETc和Ic从西向东大致呈低-高-低的变化特征，新疆东部、甘肃和宁蒙区西北部呈高值，且具有明显的空间差异性；（2）新疆、甘肃和宁蒙区加工番茄全生育期年均ETc分别为460.98～1202.69 mm、591.14～749.92 mm、530.63～878.66 mm，年均Ic分别为187.21～1180.98 mm、508.69～702.97 mm、354.94～851.14 mm；（3）西北旱区加工番茄全生育期ETc和Ic在30年尺度上总体均呈现增加趋势（0~30.0 mm/10 a），其中新疆和甘肃地区平均ETc和Ic呈显著增加趋势，而宁蒙区平均ETc呈不显著增加趋势，且Ic年际间变化趋势不明显。 【结论】西北旱区加工番茄生育期ETc和Ic呈现强烈的时空变异特征，在气候变化环境下迫切需要大力推进节水灌溉技术、加强水资源优化调配。 |
| 关键词: 灌溉需水量;加工番茄;实际腾发量;时空变异特征 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV |
| 基金项目: |
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| Spatial and temporal variability of water demand of processing tomato in the northwest arid region of China |
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Zheng Ruyue, Ren Qian, Xie Qi, Tan Junwei, Huang Guanhua
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China Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】】Study on the spatial and temporal variability in water demand of processing tomato in the Northwest Arid Region of China (NAR) is very essential for local agricultural water management and optimal allocation.【Method】In this study, evapotranspiration (ETc) and irrigation water demand (Ic) of the processing tomato was calculated at different growing stages over 30 a (1985-2014), using the method based on the modified crop coefficients and water balance equation for the 40 typical stations in the NAR.【Result】Results showed that, the ETc and Ic of processing tomato during different growing stages in the NAR were generally characterized by low-high-low variability from west to east, and extreme high values appeared in the eastern Xinjiang, Gansu and the northwestern region of Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. Moreover, obvious spatial variation was observed. The annual average ETc during the growing period of processing tomato in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia were 460.98~1202.69 mm, 591.14~749.92 mm, and 530.63~878.66 mm, respectively. Correspondingly, the annual average Ic in these three regions were 187.21~1180.98 mm, 508.69~702.97 mm, and 354.94~851.14 mm, respectively. The ETc and Ic over whole growing period of processing tomato in the study zone showed an overall increasing trend (0~30.0 mm/10 a) on a 30-year scale, with the average ETc and Ic in Xinjiang and Gansu showing a significant increasing trend, while the average ETc in Ningxia and Inner Mongolia showed a non-significant increasing trend, and the inter-annual trend of average Ic was not obvious.【Conclusion】The ETc and Ic over whole growing period of processing tomato in the study zone showed strong spatial and temporal variability, and there is an urgent need to implement water-saving irrigation technology and strengthen the optimal allocation of water resources under the environment of climate change. |
| Key words: irrigation water demand; processing tomato; evapotranspiration; spatial and temporal variability |
