| 引用本文: | 赵双会,栗岩峰,王珍.夏玉米光谱特征和产量对滴灌氮磷调控的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| ZHAO Shuanghui,LI Yanfeng,WANG Zhen.夏玉米光谱特征和产量对滴灌氮磷调控的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究滴灌条件下氮磷调控对夏玉米冠层光谱特征及产量的影响。【方法】2022—2023年连续开展2 a田间试验，2022年试验设置3个氮肥水平（0、120、240 kg/hm2）（以 你呢M，VHCkllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllza纯N计）和2个磷肥水平（0、100 kg/hm2）（以P2O5计），2023年施氮处理和2022年一致，磷肥增加为3个水平（0、60、120 kg/hm2）。研究滴灌氮磷调控对夏玉米冠层光谱特征、干物质积累量和产量等指标影响。【结果】1）施氮和施磷处理使夏玉米光谱反射率明显增加，与不施氮不施磷处理相比，施氮后光谱反射率增加9.61%~18.60%，施磷后光谱反射增加了3.06%~7.06%；2）夏玉米地上部干物质量和产量均随施氮量和施磷量增加而增加，氮磷配施显著提高了夏玉米地上部生物量和籽粒产量，与仅施氮处理相比，氮磷配施相对于不施氮不施磷处理的增产幅度提高了8.82%~24.27%，与仅施磷处理相比，氮磷配施增产幅度提高15.75%~65.79%，氮磷交互作用对地上部干物质量和产量均有显著影响（P<0.01）；3）归一化植被指数和差值植被指数分别与地上部干物质量进行了相关分析，结果表明拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆期的地上部干物质量与任意两波段差值植被指数和归一化植被指数有很好的相关性，相关系数最大值达到0.93。【结论】拔节期最佳植被指数的估测参数可选DVI(810,680)，抽穗期可选MCARI1，灌浆期可选DVI(761,383)。N2P1（N：240 kg/hm2、P：100 kg/hm2）处理可作为该地区夏玉米优化施肥模式。 |
| 关键词: 滴灌氮磷调控、夏玉米、冠层光谱反射率、地上部干物质量、产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274；TP79 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Spectral characteristics and yield responses of summer maize to nitrogen and phosphorus regulation under drip irrigation |
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ZHAO Shuanghui, LI Yanfeng, WANG Zhen
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State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of WaterResources and Hydropower Research
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract：【Background】Excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer will lead to excessive plant growth, which will affect the development and yield of crops. Hyperspectral diagnosis of above-ground dry matter quality of crops is used to diagnose crop growth under different combined application conditions of nitrogen and phosphorus.【Objective】To study the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus regulation on the spectral characteristics and yield of summer maize canopy under drip irrigation, and to provide a basis for scientific development of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application system. 【Method】Field trials were conducted for two consecutive years from 2022 to 2023. In 2022, three nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 120, 240 kg/hm2) (calculated as pure N) and two phosphorus fertilizer levels (0, 100 kg/hm2) (calculated as P2O5) were set. The nitrogen application treatment in 2023 was the same as that in 2022. Phosphorus fertilizer was increased to 3 levels (0, 60, 120 kg/hm2). Canopy spectral characteristics, dry matter accumulation and yield were tested regularly during the growing period of summer maize to analyze its response to nitrogen and phosphorus regulation under drip irrigation.【 Results 】 1. The results showed that the spectral reflectance of summer maize increased significantly with N and P treatments. Compared with no N and P treatments, the spectral reflectance increased by 9.61%-18.60% and spectral reflectance increased by 3.06%-7.06% after N treatment. 2. The dry matter quality and yield of summer maize increased with the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus application. Nitrogen and phosphorus combined application significantly increased the biomass and grain yield in the upper part of summer maize field, and the yield of nitrogen and phosphorus combined application was 8.82%-24.27% higher than that of no nitrogen and phosphorus treatment only. Compared with only phosphorus treatment, nitrogen and phosphorus combined application increased the yield by 15.75%~65.79%. Nitrogen and phosphorus interaction had significant effects on dry matter quality and yield (P<0.01). 3. The normalized index and difference index were correlated with dry matter quality respectively. The results showed that dry matter quality at jointing stage, heading stage and filling stage had a good correlation with difference index and normalized index of any two bands, and the maximum correlation coefficient reached 0.93.【Conclusion】DVI(810,680), MCARI1 and DVI(761,383) can be selected as the estimation parameters of the best vegetation index at jointing stage, heading stage and filling stage. Considering the experimental results of two years, N2P1 (N: 240 kg/hm2, P: 100 kg/hm2) treatment significantly improved the dry matter quality, increased the number of grains per ear and 100-grain weight of corn, thus increasing the yield of corn, which was recommended as the optimal fertilization model for summer corn in this area. |
| Key words: Nitrogen;and phosphorus;regulation under;drip irrigation , summer;maize, canopy;spectral reflectance, above-ground;dry matter;mass, yield |
