| 引用本文: | 陆铸畴,包忻怡,LIU Xiao,等.应用 Le Bissonnais 法研究三峡库区消落带土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(5):115-120. |
| LU Zhuchou,BAO Xinyi,LIU Xiao,et al.应用 Le Bissonnais 法研究三峡库区消落带土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(5):115-120. |
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| 摘要: |
| 土壤团聚体的稳定性常被作为土壤侵蚀的敏感指标。【目的】揭示三峡库区消落带土壤团聚体受破坏的主要机制，为提高土壤抗侵蚀能力、改善三峡库区消落带的生态环境提供理论依据。【方法】选取三峡库区童庄河消落带不同海拔梯度的土壤，以从未淹没的样地作为对照，采用Le Bissommais的快速湿润法（fast wetting， FW）和慢速湿润法（slow wetting， SW）模拟研究了消落带水位消涨对土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤抗侵蚀能力的影响。【结果】2种处理下的土壤水稳性团聚体平均质量直径（MWD）均是中等淹没区域（155～165 m）最大，淹没持续时间较长区域（145～155 m）最小，从未淹没的对照样地（175 m以上）和淹没时间较短区域（165～175 m）之间处于中间状态，而K值却是淹没持续时间较长区域（145～155 m）最大，中等淹没区域（155～165 m）最小。FW处理后，不同颗粒级的团聚体较为分散，处理后土壤水稳性团聚体粒径以＜1 mm 为主；SW处理后土壤水稳性团聚体粒径主要以＞2 mm为主。【结论】综上所述，消落带淹没持续时间较长区域受淹水扰动相对最强烈，土壤水稳性结构最差，土壤可蚀性最强。三峡库区消落带水位快速升降可能对土壤团聚体的结构破坏较大，其破坏的主要机制是土壤孔隙中的气泡爆破产生的消散作用。 |
| 关键词: 土壤团聚体； Le Bissommais法； 三峡库区消落带； 水稳定性 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0326 |
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| Stability of Soil Aggregates in Riparian Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir Studied Using the Le Bissonnais Method |
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LU Zhuchou, BAO Xinyi, LIU Xiao, ZHANG Hailing, XIANG Hanyu, JIA Guomei
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College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Three Gorges Univiersity, Yichang 443002, China; Pall Corporation, 25 Harbor Dr, Port Washington, NY, U.S.A, 11050; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The stability of soil aggregate is an important indicator of soil erosion. The objective of this paper is to understand the mechanisms underlying soil aggregate destruction in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir due to water rising and falling, aimed to provide baselines to help improve soil stability and the ecosystem service of the region. 【Method】 We took soil samples from the riparian zone at Tongzhuang and measured the stability of their aggregates and soil erodibility using the fast wetting (FW) and the slow wetting(SW) in the Le Bissonnais method. The investigated locations included a site 145~155 m above sea level subjected to long water inundation, a site 155~165 m above sea level with moderate water inundation, and a site 165~175 m above sea level with least inundation. The control was samples taken from an adjacent site 175~185 m above sea level outside the riparian zone. 【Result】 The aggregates on the site 155~165 m above the sea level had biggest mean diameter, while the aggregates on the site 145~155 m above sea level had the smallest mean diameter, with those in the control and the site 165~175 m above sea level between. The value of the erodibility parameter was the highest on the latitude of 145~155 m and the lowest on the altitude 155~165 m. The aggregate diameter distribution depended on the measurement methods. Most aggregates measured using the FM method was less than 1 mm in diameter, while those measured using the SM method was less than 2 mm in diameter. 【Conclusion】 The results revealed that prolonged inundation by water reduced aggregate stability and increased soil erodibility, and short wetting-drying cycles due to rising and falling of the water level in the reservoir has a destructive impact on aggregate stability. |
| Key words: soil aggregates; Le Bissonnais method; Hydro-Fluctuating Belt of Three Gorges Reservoir; water stability |
