| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究调亏灌溉对生理发育的响应机理。【方法】通过大田试验，在果实膨大期设置充分灌溉处理（C1）和轻度（C2）、重度（C3）调亏灌溉处理，分析了作物生理指标变化情况。【结果】水分亏缺显著降低作物生理指标，使果实膨大期叶片净光速率减少10.51%～26.08%；气孔导度减少12.03%～23.43%；蒸腾速率减少9.62%～17.57%。作物耗水量减少13%～38%。与C1处理相比，C3处理减产18%，而C2处理产量变化不明显。枣树经过复水后，C2处理各生理指标均恢复到C1处理水平，甚至部分指标略高于C1处理；C3处理各指标恢复速度较慢，所有指标低于C1处理9%以上。【结论】水分胁迫在不影响枣树果实产量的前提下，可降低枣树叶片生理指标和耗水量，减少枝条夏剪工作量，使作物养分由供给枝条生长转而为果实细胞分裂供给。但过度胁迫将会对枣树器官造成不可逆性破坏，即使经过复水处理，植物器官及果实最终产量也难以恢复至充分灌溉水平。 |
| 关键词: 枣树； 调亏灌溉； 生理指标； 耗水量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0598 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Physiological Characteristics and Water Consumption of Jujube in Arid Area |
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AI Pengrui, MA Yingjie
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College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering， Xinjiang Agricultural University， Urumqi 830052， China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Plant development depends on soil water and this paper is to investigate how physiological characteristics and water consumption of jujube growing in arid area changed in response to regulated deficit irrigation. 【Method】The experiment was conducted in a field in which the changes of physiological traits of the jujube were analyzed under three water treatments: sufficient irrigation treatment (C1), moderate water-stress treatment (C2) and severe water-stress treatment (C3) via regulated deficit irrigation during fruit expansion period. 【Result】 Water deficit significantly reduced the physiological characteristics and reduced leaf photosynthetic index by 8%～27% and water consumption by 13%～38% respectively. Compared with C1, C3 treatment reduced the yield by 18%. After re-watering, the physiological indexes at C2 treatment all restored to or higher than the level at C1 treatment. In contrast, the recovery rate of all indexes under C3 treatment was slow, and some were 10% lower than that under C1. 【Conclusion】Without compromising fruit yield, water stress could reduce the physiological index and water consumption, thereby reducing the workload of cutting in summer. It also diverted the nutrient otherwise used for growth to fruit cell division. However, excessive water stress could lead to irreversible damage to plant organs, and as such, even after re-watering the final yield of plant organs and fruits were unable restored to the levels under sufficient irrigation. |
| Key words: jujube; regulated deficit irrigation; physiological traits; water consumption |
