| 引用本文: | 杨 黎,魏占民,徐大为,等.膜下滴灌不同水氮组合对向日葵生长及水氮利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(3):50-55. |
| YANG Li,WEI Zhanmin,XU Dawei,et al.膜下滴灌不同水氮组合对向日葵生长及水氮利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(3):50-55. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】在河套灌区开展了膜下滴灌大田试验，研究了滴灌条件下不同水氮组合对向日葵生长发育、产量及水氮利用效率的影响。【方法】试验采用张力计监测土壤水分以控制灌水量和灌水次数，3个灌溉定额（W1、W2、W3）分别为135、180、225 mm；选用文丘里施肥器进行追肥，3个施氮水平（N1、N2、N3）分别为120、160、200 kg/hm2。【结果】施氮量对向日葵株高和叶面积指数（LAI）的影响在灌浆期和成熟期达极显著性差异水平（P<0.01），水氮显著影响了向日葵干物质积累（P<0.01）；在灌水定额W2和W3处理下，随施氮量的增加，籽粒的产量均是先增加后减小，但在W1处理下，籽粒产量的变化情况与施氮量正相关；在不同灌水施氮处理下，向日葵的收获指数（HI）在0.476~0.603之间，水分利用效率在1.49~2.61 kg/m3之间，随着施氮量的增加植株吸氮量呈现为先升高后降低的趋势。【结论】结合灌区生产条件和环境气候因素，建议选择灌水量为180 mm且施氮量为160 kg/hm2的处理作为灌区滴灌条件下向日葵的灌水施氮方案。 |
| 关键词: 膜下滴灌； 水氮处理组合； 水氮利用率； 向日葵 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180183 |
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| Growth and Water-nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sunflower under Mulched Drip Fertigation with Different Water-nitrogen Ratios |
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YANG Li, WEI Zhanmin*, XU Dawei, SU Tingting, ZHANG Jinding
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Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Agricultural University of the Inner Mongolia, Hohehot 010018, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The overarching objective of this paper is to present the results of an experimental study on the combined effect of water and nitrogen on development of sunflower and its water and nitrogen use efficiency under drip fertigation.【Method】The experiment was conducted in Hetao Irrigation District. We studied three irrigation levels: 135 mm (W1), 180 mm (W2) and 225 mm (W3), and three nitrogen levels: 120 kg/hm2 (N1), 160 kg/hm2 (N2) and 200 kg/hm2 (N3). In each treatment, we used tension meter to determine the timing and the amount of irrigation. 【Result】Nitrogen application had a significant impact on plant height and leaf area index (LAI) at both grain filling stage and maturity stage (P<0.01), and water and nitrogen application combined to significantly affect the dry matter accumulation (P<0.01). Under W2 and W3, the grain yield increased first followed by decline with the increase in nitrogen application, while under W1, grain yield monotonically increased with nitrogen application. The harvest index in all treatments varied from 0.476 to 0.603, and water use efficiency was between 1.49 and 2.61 kg/m3. With the increase in nitrogen application, the nitrogen taken up by plant increased first followed by a decline after reaching a peak. 【Conclusion】The results showed that the combination of W2+N2 was the best fertigation for sunflower in the studied region. |
| Key words: mulched drip irrigation; water-nitrogen ratio; water and nitrogen utilization efficiency; sunflower |
