| 引用本文: | 黄 玲,杨文平,梅沛沛,等.砂质脱潮土区不同冬小麦品种（系）抗倒伏特性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(3):31-39. |
| HUANG Ling,YANG Wenping,MEI Peipei,et al.砂质脱潮土区不同冬小麦品种（系）抗倒伏特性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(3):31-39. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究河南省砂质脱潮土区冬小麦的抗倒伏性能。【方法】以河南省砂质脱潮土区种植的13个不同冬小麦品种（系）为研究对象，分析灌浆中期冬小麦农艺性状、茎秆物质特性和力学特性与抗倒性能的关系，并对与小麦抗倒指数相关的9个性状进行相关、聚类和主成分分析。【结果】灌浆中期的株高和重心高度不是冬小麦品种（系）倒伏的决定因素。不同冬小麦品种（系）的基部第二节间的机械强度和抗倒指数与第二节间长度在一定范围内负相关，但相关性不显著；与株高构成指数和基二/株高极显著和显著负相关；与茎粗、茎壁厚度和厚径比显著和极显著正相关。聚类分析中类群Ⅰ通过降低株高和优化基部第二节间来改善抗倒性能。类群Ⅱ通过基部第二节间特性优化来改善抗倒性能，类群Ⅲ通过降低株高和提高茎秆机械强度来降低倒伏。主成分分析得到的3个主成分因子对抗倒性状变异累计贡献率为83.72%。主成分因子Y1反映茎秆指标变异的48.11%，其中茎壁厚度、厚径比、机械强度是决定Y1的主要因素。【结论】抗倒指数是由多因素决定的综合性状，基二/株高、茎壁厚度、茎粗和厚径比可以作为评价抗倒伏指数的指标选项。就砂质脱潮土区提高小麦抗倒育种对策而言，除茎秆的机械强度外，注重基部第二节间长度占株高的比例和茎壁厚度与茎粗的比例同样重要。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦品种（系）；砂质土；茎秆特性；机械强度；抗倒指数 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020420 |
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| Lodging Resistance of Different Winter Wheat Lines in a Sandy Fluvo-aquic Soil |
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HUANG Ling, YANG Wenping, MEI Peipei, JIAO Shuang, XU Lina, ZHANG Zhiyong, OU Xingqi, YAO Sumei
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1. College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology/Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Xinxiang 453003, China; 2. Xinxiang Soil & Fertilizer Working Station, Xinxiang 453003, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Lodging refers to the process that the crop shoots are displaced from their vertical stance. It is impacted by many factors including whether, crop varieties, soil type. The objective of this work is to experimentally study the variation of lodging between different winter wheat lines in a sandy fluvo-aquic soil in Henan province.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a field in which we compared 13 winter wheat lines. For each line, we measured the material properties and lodging resistance of its stems during the middle grain-filling stages under different agronomic managements. The relationship between the lodging resistance index (CLRI) of the second internode and nine culm properties was calculated using correlation, cluster and principal component analysis.【Result】Plant height and location of the gravitational center of the aerial parts had little impact on the lodging of the wheat in the middle grain-filling stage. The mechanical strength of the second internode of all lines was negatively correlated to the CLRI though not at a significant level. Plant height and the ratio of length of the second internode to plant height were both negatively correlated with the mechanical strength and the CLRI, both at significant level. The culm diameter, stem thickness and the ratio of stem thickness to culm diameter were all positively correlated with the mechanical strength and CLRI at significant level. Cluster analysis of Group I showed that reducing plant height and optimizing the second internode improved lodging resistance of the wheat, while the Group II analysis revealed that optimizing the traits of the second internode were equally effective. The result of Group III was that reducing plant height and increasing mechanical strength of the stems can also improve the lodging resistance. There were three principal component factors cumulatively contributing 83.72% of the principal component analysis, and the principal component factors (PCF) reflected 48.11% of the variation in the stem. Stem thickness, ratio of stem thickness to culm diameter and the mechanical strength were the major factors controlling PCF1, while plant height, dry density and location of the gravitational center were key determinants of PCF2. Stem thickness and location of the gravitational center were the main factors of PCF3.【Conclusion】Lodging resistance index (CLRI) is a parameter determined by a multitude of factors, but it can be estimated using the ratio of length of the second internode to the plant height, as well as stem thickness, culm diameter, the ratio of stem thickness to culm diameter. Breeding new genotypes to improve above crop traits are needed to enhance their lodging resistance when the crops are grown in the sandy fluvo-aquic soil in Henan province. |
| Key words: winter wheat lines; sandy fluvo-aquic soil; stem characterizes; mechanical strength; culm lodging resistant index (CLRI) |
