| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明研究区耕层土壤微量元素量现状及其影响因素。【方法】本试验分别在山西省小麦、玉米和谷子种植区，各选择作物种植面积最大的3个代表性县域，在每个县域选取100个采样点，分析其耕层土壤微量元素（Fe、Mn、Zn、Se）量，及其与pH、有机质、土壤类型和种植制度的关系。【结果】研究区耕层土壤Fe、Mn、Zn和Se分别为30.42 g/kg、626.55 mg/kg、78.06 mg/kg和0.283 mg/kg。各种植区土壤微量元素量总体表现为：小麦种植区>玉米种植区>谷子种植区，尽管3个种植区土壤微量元素整体处于中等（或适量）及以上水平，但同时也存在不同程度的微量元素缺乏，研究区整体Fe缺乏比例最大，谷子种植区整体微量元素缺乏比例最大。不同土壤类型中，石质土、潮土、粗骨土、褐土和红黏土的微量元素量，显著高于棕壤、黄绵土、栗褐土和风沙土（P<0.05），其中石质土微量元素量最高，棕壤和风沙土量最低。相关性分析结果表明，pH与4种微量元素均极显著负相关，有机质与4种微量元素均极显著正相关。种植制度、土壤类型、pH和有机质4种影响因素对土壤含Se量的综合解释率最高，为47.9%；含Mn量变化仅受土壤类型和有机质影响，其综合解释率为8.1%。【结论】尽管现阶段山西省主要粮食作物种植区耕层土壤Fe、Mn、Zn和Se的4种微量元素总体处于中等（适量）及以上水平，但仍然需要注重对Fe的补充，以及提升谷子种植区整体养分量。土壤含Se量受环境变化影响最大，而Mn在土壤中的较为稳定。 |
| 关键词: 山西省；主要粮食作物；耕层土壤；微量元素；含量特征；影响因素 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021594 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Trace Element Contents in Typical Soils in Shanxi Province |
|
LIU Yang, LI Tingliang, LI Li, ZHANG Jinfeng, CHEN Ting
|
|
1. College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;
2. Ministerial and Provincial Co-innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; 3.National Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment Experimental Teaching, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Trace elements in soil are essential for crop growth and food heath. Their bioavailability varies with various biotic and abiotic factors. This paper presents an analysis of trace elements in plough soil layer and its influencing factors in Shanxi province.【Method】Three representative counties with large cultivation areas of wheat, corn and millet were selected in the study. In each county, we took soil samples from 100 sites, and the contents of Fe, Mn, zinc and Se in each sample, as well as their relationship with pH, organic matter, soil type, and crop types, were analyzed and calculated.【Result】The average contents of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Se in all soil samples across the three counties were 30.42 g/kg, 626.55 mg/kg, 78.06 mg/kg, and 0.283 mg/kg, respectively. Contents of all elements varied spatially over the planting areas, with the highest content found in wheat-growing areas, followed by corn and millet fields. Trace elements in the three counties were mostly at medium or high levels, but some deficiencies were detected, particularly Fe in millet-growing areas. The contents of the four elements were significantly higher in litho, fluvo-aquic, fragmental, cinnamon and red clay soils than in brown, cultivated loessal, castno-cinnamon, and aeolian sandy soils. The trace elements were negatively correlated to pH and positively related to organic matter, both at significant levels. Correlation among the four trace elements themselves was positive, and multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the combined effect of planting area, soil type, pH and organic matter, on Se were the highest, with the comprehensive interpretation rate being 47.9%. The variation in Mn content was affected by soil type and organic matter, with its comprehensive interpretation rate being 8.1%.【Conclusion】The contents of Fe, Mn, Zn and Se in the plough soil layer are at moderate level or above in most areas in Shanxi province. However, Fe supplementation and nutrient improvement in millet-growing areas are required. Se content is affected by environmental changes, while Mn content is comparatively stable. Overall, the contents of the four trace elements are highest in wheat-growing areas, followed by corn and millet fields. |
| Key words: Shanxi Province; main grain crop planting area; surface soil; trace elements; content characteristic; influence factors |
