| 引用本文: | 常 梅,周青云,尹林萍.不同灌溉方式和灌水定额对夏玉米生长的影响及AquaCrop模型的适应性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(3):32-39. |
| CHANG Mei,ZHOU Qingyun,YIN Linping.不同灌溉方式和灌水定额对夏玉米生长的影响及AquaCrop模型的适应性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(3):32-39. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明不同灌溉方式和灌水定额对夏玉米生长的影响及AquaCrop模型的适应性。【方法】设置4个试验处理：常规滴灌10 mm（N1）、常规滴灌20 mm（N2）、膜下滴灌10 mm（M1）和膜下滴灌20 mm（M2），研究不同灌溉方式和灌水定额对夏玉米生长的影响，并基于2 a的试验数据对AquaCrop模型进行率定、验证，利用率定、验证后的模型预测平水年不同灌溉方案下的夏玉米产量，以产量最大为目标筛选最优的灌溉方案。【结果】N2处理下的0~40 cm土层土壤含水率（SWC）均高于N1处理和M2处理；各处理的生物量平均值和产量表现为：M2处理>M1处理>N2处理>N1处理。各处理SWC模拟值与实测值的R2、EF和RMSE分别为0.645~0.907、0.461~0.779和0.021~0.034，冠层覆盖度模拟值与实测值的R2、EF和RMSE分别为0.942~0.992、0.964~0.990和0.463~0.781，生物量模拟值与实测值的R2、EF和RMSE分别为0.959~0.984、0.969~0.986和0.507~0.614 t/hm2，产量模拟值与实测值的RMSE为0.180~0.890 t/hm2，水分利用效率模拟值与实测值的RMSE为0.001~0.003 t/（hm2·mm）。【结论】常规滴灌下高水相比低水处理可提高0~40 cm土层SWC，灌水20 mm条件下，常规滴灌处理在0~40 cm土层的SWC高于膜下滴灌处理；覆膜与提高灌水量均能提高夏玉米的生物量和产量，AquaCrop模型能较好地模拟天津市夏玉米的生长过程；夏玉米最优灌溉方案为苗期灌溉20 mm、抽穗期和灌浆期各灌溉10 mm。 |
| 关键词: AquaCrop模型；夏玉米；土壤含水率；冠层覆盖度；生物量和产量；WUE |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022363 |
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| Research of the Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Treatments on the Growth of Summer Maize and the Adaptability of AquaCrop Model |
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CHANG Mei, ZHOU Qingyun*, YIN Linping
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Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Bioavailable water in soil controls root growth and root water uptake, but it depends on how water is irrigated. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of different drip irrigation methods and amounts on growth of summer maize. 【Method】A two-year field experiment was conducted in Tianjin, China. It consisted of two irrigation methods: conventional drip irrigation (M1) and mulched drip irrigation (M2), each having two irrigation amounts: 10 mm (N1) and 20 mm (N2). Crop growth in each treatment was measured, and the measured data was used to calibrate the AquaCrop model. The calibrated model was then used to evaluate how the yield responded to irrigation methods and amounts in normal year, from which we obtained the optimal irrigation scheduling to maximize the yield. 【Result】Soil water content in the top 0~40 cm soil layer under M1+N2 was higher than that under M1+N1 and M2+N2. The biomass and yield under different treatments were ranked in the order of M2+N2 > M2+N1 >M1+N2 >M1+ N1. The R2, EF and RMSE between the simulated and measured soil water contents for all treatments were in the range of 0.645~0.907, 0.461~0.779, and 0.021~0.034, respectively. The R2, EF and RMSE between the simulated and measured canopy coverage were 0.942~0.992, 0.964~0.990, and 0.463~0.781, respectively. The R2, EF and RMSE between the simulated and measured biomass were 0.959~0.984, 0.969~0.986, and 0.507~0.614 t/hm2, respectively. The RMSE between the simulated and measured yield and water use efficiency were 0.180~0.890 t/hm2 and 0.001~0.003 t/(hm2·mm), respectively. 【Conclusion】Under conventional drip irrigation, increasing irrigation amount can improve water content in the 0~40 cm soil layer; water content in the 0~40 cm soil layer under conventional irrigation was higher than the mulched treatment when irrigation amount was 20 mm. Mulching or increasing irrigation amount can improve biomass and yield of the summer maize. The AquaCrop model can reproduce the growth of summer maize. The optimal irrigation scheduling to maximize maize yield in the studied region is to irrigate 20 mm of water at seedling stage, 10 mm at heading stage, and 10 mm at filling stage. |
| Key words: AquaCrop model; summer maize; soil water content; canopy coverage; biomass and yield; WUE |
