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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0528 |
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| Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sunflower is Affected by N-Fertilizer Applications |
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GUO Yu, LI Xianyue, DING Zongjiang, ZHANG Jingjun, WANG Meirong
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Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Producing more from less has been mandated in developing sustainable agriculture in China and improving fertilizer use efficiency is essential to achieve this ambition. The purpose of this paper is to experimentally investigate how to reduce nitrogen loss caused by leaching and denitrification commonly seen in broadcast-fertilizer-application by taking sunflower in Hetao Irrigation District as an example. 【Method】 We examined five treatments: No fertilizer (CK1), base application (CK2), broadcast application(SF), hole application (XF), and furrow application (GF). In each treatment, we measured soil nitrogen, yield, as well as water and fertilizer use efficiencies. 【Result】 Both nitrate and ammonium content decreased with soil depth, and they accumulated in 0~20 cm under SF and in 0~40 cm under XF and GF. Following fertilizer application, nitrate and ammonium contents peaked earlier under XF and GF than under SF. Under XF, GF and SF, soil nitrate peaked after 10 days, 10 days and 20 days of fertilization, with a peaked content of 93.85 mg/kg, 103.95 mg/kg and 78.5 mg/kg respectively; while soil ammonium peaked 5 days, 10 days and 10 days after fertilizer application, with a peaked content of 47.6 mg/kg, 48.4 mg/kg and 36.9 mg/kg respectively. Applying the fertilizer via holes or furrows considerably increased its uptake by plant and the subsequent allocation to the grains. For example, under XF, the nitrogen harvest index increased by 11.5% compared with SF, and 33.2% and 27.2% respectively compared to CK1 and CK2. 【Conclusion】 XF and GF considerably increased the yield, as well as water and fertilizer use efficiency compared to other treatments, especially XF. |
| Key words: nitrogen application methods; soil nitrogen transport; yield; nitrogen use efficiency |
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