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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022608 |
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| Effects of Soil Moisture Measurement and Supplemental Irrigation on Farmland Water, Nitrogen and Wheat Yield under New Irrigation Mode |
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LIU Ran, ZHOU Weiwei, JIN Sheng’ai, SHANG Meixin, WANG Meng, LI Junliang
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College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】In order to solve the problem of water resources waste caused by unreasonable irrigation, water-saving irrigation for wheat was studied.【Method】Lumai 21 was selected as the experimental object for field experiment. The split plot design with two factors was adopted, the irrigation amount was the main area and the soil moisture was measured at jointing stage and flowering stage to supplement irrigation to three levels of 65%(W65), 75%(W75) and 85%(W85) of field water capacity. The irrigation mode was the sub area with three modes: drip irrigation (D), micro sprinkler irrigation (WP) and micro sprinkler irrigation at jointing stage and drip irrigation at flowering stage (WP+D). The effects of irrigation amount and irrigation mode on soil water and nitrogen distribution, wheat yield, water use efficiency and economic benefit were studied.【Result】The results showed that the irrigation below the field capacity only affected the 0-40 cm soil layer, and the soil water content of 40-100 cm soil layer didn’t fluctuate during the whole growth period of wheat after irrigation, so 0-40 cm was the main water supply layer and water holding layer, and the soil water content was shown as W85 treatment >W75 treatment >W65 treatment. Nitrate nitrogen content in 0-60 cm soil layer was higher under W65, W75 irrigation amount and micro sprinkler irrigation mode, and the risk of nitrate nitrogen leaching increased with the increase of irrigation amount. At the mature stage, the irrigation amount, irrigation mode and their interaction had a significant impact on the 40~100 cm soil layer. With the increase of irrigation amount, both the yield and water use efficiency shown a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Under the mode of micro sprinkler irrigation at jointing stage combined with drip irrigation at flowering stage, better water-saving and yield assurance can be achieved, with the yield of 6 147.5 kg/hm2, water use efficiency of 16.2 kg/(hm2·mm), and higher economic benefit of 8 429.0 yuan/hm2.【Conclusion】In general, the goal of water saving and environmental protection for wheat production can be achieved by measuring soil moisture and supplementing irrigation to 75% of the field capacity at jointing and flowering stages and combining micro sprinkler irrigation with drip irrigation. |
| Key words: soil moisture measurement and supplementary irrigation; irrigation mode; wheat yield; water use efficiency; economic benefits |
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