| 引用本文: | 张 衡,白云岗,雷晓云,等.弥雾微喷调控对吐哈盆地葡萄产量和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(6):24-28. |
| ZHANG Heng,BAI Yungang,LEI Xiaoyun,et al.弥雾微喷调控对吐哈盆地葡萄产量和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(6):24-28. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索能使葡萄产量与品质达到最佳的微喷+滴灌模式。【方法】以吐哈盆地无核白葡萄为研究对象，通过改变弥雾微喷的喷水时长、喷水周期和微喷布设方式，调控葡萄棚架下微气候环境研究了白葡萄的产量和品质。【结果】当弥雾微喷置于棚架上方时（即WP1处理），弥雾阻碍棚架下的空气与外界交换，使得棚架下的温度增加、湿度降低，其产量较仅滴灌处理的对照（CK）降低11 681.1 kg/hm2，但品质较CK有所提高；弥雾微喷装置于棚架下50 cm处，在葡萄需水关键期（浆果生长期）每天弥雾喷灌1 h，增产效果最为显著，产量达到51 490.95 kg/hm2，且品质得到较为明显的改善；弥雾微喷装置于棚架下其他位置或其他弥雾微喷处理，与CK相比，产量有增有减，但葡萄品质普遍优于CK。【结论】将弥雾微喷装置于棚架下50 cm处并持续每天弥雾微喷1 h能显著提高本地区无核白葡萄的产量和品质。 |
| 关键词: 无核白葡萄； 微环境调控； 弥雾微喷； 产量； 品质 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0168 |
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| Improving the Yield and Quality of Grape in Turpan-nami Basin via Controlling Its Micro-spray Sprinkler Irrigation |
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ZHANG Heng, BAI Yungang, LEI Xiaoyun, LIU Hongbo, DING Ping
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Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; Xinjiang Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Sciences, Urumqi 830049, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Soil moisture and humidity affect plant physiology and the purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of improving the yield and quality of grape via controlling its micro-spray sprinkler irrigation. 【Method】 The experiments were conducted in Turpan-Nami Basin with the Thomson seedless white grape as the model plant. The microclimate in the grape vineyard was controlled by adjusting the duration of every spraying, the frequency of the sprayings, as well as the location of the emitters. 【Result】 When the emitters were above the trellis in the vineyard (WP1 treatment), the mist formed by the spray hindered the upwards movement of the air proximal to the ground surface, resulting in an increase in temperature, decrease in humidity, and ultimately a reduction in yield by 11 681.1 kg/hm2 compared to the CK with conventional irrigation. When the emitters were dropped to 50 cm from the top of the trellis, spaying one hour per day during the critical growth stage of the grape (berry growth period) increased the yield to 51 490.95 kg/hm2 along with a significant improvement in fruit quality. Further dropping the emitter could either increase or decrease the yield, but it improved the fruit quality compared to the CK. 【Conclusion】 Locating the emitters 50 cm below the trellis top and spraying one hour per day during the berry growth stage improved both yield and fruit quality of the grape. |
| Key words: thompson seedless white grape; microenvironment regulation; mist micro jet; yield; quality |
