| 摘要: |
| 【目的】寻找烤烟适宜的水肥一体化方式。【方法】通过田间试验研究了2种水肥一体化方式（滴灌施肥和浇灌施肥）和2种氮肥用量（100%推荐量和80%推荐量）对烤烟生长、氮磷钾利用及烟叶产量的影响。【结果】不同水肥一体化方式对烟株氮素累积量和利用率无显著影响（P＞0.05），对磷素累积量和利用率均有显著影响（P＜0.05），对烟株钾素累积量和利用率均有极显著影响（P＜0.01），对烤烟旺长期最大叶宽和最大叶面积有极显著影响（P＜0.01），对烤烟产量和产值有显著影响（P＜0.05）。与滴灌施肥相比，浇灌施肥处理磷素累积量和利用率分别提高了21.1%~21.2%和20.9%~43.0%，钾素累积量和利用率分别下降了15.1%~19.6%和47.5%~49.1%，最大叶宽和最大叶面积分别减小了17.4%~22.4%和22.1%~24.4%，烤烟产量和产值分别下降了12.7%~16.2%和7.7%~20.2%；施肥（氮）水平对烟株氮素累积量有显著影响（P＜0.05），对磷素和钾素累积量无显著影响（P＞0.05），对烤烟农艺性状及产质量均无显著影响（P＞0.05）。【结论】与滴灌施肥相比，浇灌施肥促进了烤烟对磷素的吸收，但不利于氮素和钾素的累积利用。相对而言，减氮滴灌促进了烤烟对氮磷钾的吸收利用，并有利于烤烟产质量的形成和农田养分投入的减控，是更为科学合理的抗旱水肥一体化方式。 |
| 关键词: 滴灌水肥一体化； 氮磷钾； 农艺性状； 产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20190069 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effects of Fertigation Method and Fertilizer Amount on the Growth, N, P, K Utilization, and Yield of Flue-cured Tobacco |
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XUE Rujun, GAO Tian, MA Erdeng, JIN Yan, ZHAO Zhengxiong
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1.College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;2.Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650031, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Find suitable fertigation method and fertilizer amount in the tobacco production.【Method】A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of two fertigation methods (drip fertigation and pour fertigation) and two N application amount (100% of recommended dose of N and 80% of recommended dose of N) on the growth, N, P, K utilization, and yield of flue-cured tobacco in 2017. 【Result】There was no significant effect of fertigation method on the N accumulation and N uptake efficiency (P＞0.05), the influence of fertigation method on the P accumulation and P uptake efficiency, K accumulation and K uptake efficiency were significant (P＜0.05) and very significant (P＜0.01), respectively. The effects of fertigation method on the maximum leaf width and leaf area at the vigorous stage of tobacco and on the tobacco yield and production value were very significant (P＜0.01) and significant (P＜0.05), respectively. The P accumulation and P uptake efficiency increased by 21.1%~21.2% and 20.9%~43.0%, K accumulation and K uptake efficiency decreased by 15.1%~19.6% and 47.5%~49.1%, respectively, the maximum leaf width and leaf area decreased by 17.4%~22.4% and 22.1%~24.4%, respectively, tobacco yield and production value decreased by 12.7%~16.2% and 7.7%~20.2%, respectively, in the treatment of pour fertigation, compared with that of the treatment of drip fertigation. The effect of N application amount on the N accumulation was significant (P＜0.05)，while the influence of N application amount on the accumulation of P, K, the agronomic traits, yield and production value of tobacco were not significant (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】The absorption of P was promoted, while the N and K accumulationwas restrained, in the pour fertigation treatment, compared with that of drip fertigation treatment. The absorption and utilization of N, P and K was promoted in the treatment of drip fertigation with N decrease, which was beneficial to the formation of tobacco production and quality, and also good for nutrient saving in the tobacco production. In short, drip fertigation with N decrease was a much reasonable fertigation method for the drought resisting production in the experiment area. |
| Key words: drip fertigation; N, P, K; agronomic traits; yield |
