| 引用本文: | 丁超明,吴鹏年,岳 玲,等.基于Hydrus-1D模拟耕作方式对夏玉米农田水分的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(12):24-31. |
| ,et al.基于Hydrus-1D模拟耕作方式对夏玉米农田水分的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(12):24-31. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨不同耕作方式对农田水分运移的影响，明确不同耕作方式对农田水资源分布调控，为节水型耕作制度提供理论依据。【方法】基于长期定位试验，设置连续深耕、轮耕（2 a免耕＋1 a深耕）、连续免耕3个处理，分别在夏玉米苗期、拔节期、抽雄期、灌浆期和成熟期测定土壤含水率、土面蒸发量及模型参数，结合实测值利用Hydrus-1D模型模拟农田水分平衡各分量及运移规律。【结果】轮耕和免耕处理可显著提高玉米拔节到灌浆期的土壤贮水量；不同耕作处理产生的地表径流差异较小，但轮耕处理和免耕处理深层渗漏量较深耕处理略微增加；轮耕和免耕处理较深耕处理蒸发量分别降低了12.84%和5.07%，蒸腾量较深耕处理分别增加了15.15%和19.44%，根系吸水量较深耕处理分别增加了14.18%和15.09%。【结论】轮耕处理和免耕处理可显著改善农田水分空间分布，有效延缓深层土壤水分的减少，提高夏玉米抽雄期至灌浆期土壤贮水量。轮耕和免耕处理较深耕处理可提高土壤入渗能力，增加作物根系吸水能力及蒸腾量与蒸发量比。 |
| 关键词: 耕作方式；夏玉米；蒸发；蒸腾；根系吸水；Hydrus-1D模型 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019431 |
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| Modelling the Effect of Tillage on Soil Water Dynamics in Corn Field |
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DING Chaoming, WU Pengnian, YUE Ling, LI Yuhua, GUAN Xiaokang, WANG Tongchao
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1. Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China;2. College of Life Science, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】The Huang-Huai-Hai plain is one of the most important agricultural bases in China, but water shortage and low water use efficiency has inhibited its sustainable production. Developing water-saving agronomic practices is hence critical to safeguard grain production in this region.【Objective】This paper presents the results of a study on impact of different tillages on soil water dynamic in corn field based on experiments and numerical modelling in attempts to provide guidance to improving water use efficiency of the limited water resources in this region.【Method】The study was based on a long-term experiment set up to compare the impact of continuous deep tillage, alternate tillage (two years of no-tillage followed by a deep-tillage) and continuous no-tillage on properties and functions of soil in a corn field. The experiment measured soil moisture content and soil evaporation at seedling stage, extraction stage, grout stage and mature stage, respectively. These data were used to calibrate the Hydrus-1D model, and the calibrated model was then used to simulate soil moisture dynamics under these tillages.【Result】Alternate tillage and no-tillage could both significantly improve soil water storage during the period from extraction stage to grouting stage; the difference in surface runoff between different tillages was not significant. Alternate tillage and no-tillage increased water leaching slightly but reduced soil surface evaporation by 12.84% and 5.07%, increased transpiration by 15.15% and 19.44%, and root uptake by 14.18% and 15.09% respectively, compared to the conventional tillage.【Conclusion】Alternating no-tillage and deep-tillage and continuous no-tillage can both significantly improve water distribution in soil and bioavailability of soil water for the summer maize to take. They also increased water infiltration and root water uptake, thereby improving water use efficiency due to the reduction in evaporation-transpiration ratio. |
| Key words: tillage; summer maize; evapotranspiration; root water uptake; Hydrus-1D model |
