| 引用本文: | 白晨阳,姜 浩,苏庆旺,等.旱作条件下水稻生长指标、产量对播期的响应特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(2):24-31. |
| BAI Chenyang,JIANG Hao,SU Qingwang,et al.旱作条件下水稻生长指标、产量对播期的响应特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(2):24-31. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究播期与品种类型对生育期农艺性状的影响，为水稻旱作条件下不同类型品种选择适宜播期提供科学依据。【方法】以早熟粳稻、中熟粳稻、晚熟粳稻3种类型的水稻为供试材料，设置5个播期（分别为4月25日、30日、5月5日、10日、15日），研究各品种类型水稻旱作产量、生育表现及农艺性状的特点。【结果】水稻产量表现为早熟粳稻>晚熟粳稻>中熟粳稻。早熟品种在播期Ⅴ下灌浆期、晚熟品种在播期Ⅱ下拔节期SPAD相较于其他播期处理有明显提高，且早熟品种晚播，晚熟品种适当早播有利于上三叶叶面积的增加。随着播期推迟，干物质积累量呈先下降后上升的趋势，早熟品种的株高也同样表现出相同趋势。合理的播种期有利于籽粒增长，分期播种对水稻旱作千粒质量和结实率影响较小，但对穗数和穗粒数影响较大，变异系数达到20.9%和23.7%。【结论】在吉林省中部地区水稻旱作栽培，早熟粳稻品种在5月10—15日播种，中熟及晚熟粳稻品种在4月30日—5月5日间播种，有利于提高产量。 |
| 关键词: 水稻旱作；播种时期；品种类型；农艺性状 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020140 |
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| The Effects of Planting Date on Growth Traits and Yield of Different Rice Cultivars Grown in Dry Conditions |
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BAI Chenyang, JIANG Hao, SU Qingwang, LI Yunzhe, WEI Xiaoshuang, CUI Jingjing, YANG Meiying, WANG Dongchao, WU Zhihai
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1. College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, China; 2. College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, China; 3. Changchun Jinong University Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Changchun 130000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Planting date is an important factor impacting plant growth and ultimate yield. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how sowing date affects growth traits and ultimate yield of different rice varieties cultivated in dryland, aimed to provide guidance for farmers to select optimal agronomic management practices.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a field and examined three rice varieties: early-mature japonica, middle-mature japonica and late-mature japonica. For each variety, we compared the impact of five planting dates - 25 and 30 April, 5, 10 and 15 May - on its growth and yield traits.【Result】In terms of average yield, the three varieties were ranked in the order of early-mature japonica > late-mature japonica > medium-mature japonica. Delaying the planting date of the early-mature variety to 15 May significantly increased its SPAD at filling stage, while planting the late-mature variety on 30 April increased its SPAD at elongation stage compared to other sowing date. In general, delaying the planting date of the early-mature variety or early planting the late-mature variety can increase the areas of their top three leaves. As the sowing date delayed, dry matter accumulation in all three varieties first decreased followed by an increase. Similar trend was also found for the change of plant height of the early-mature japonica. A right sowing date can benefit the grain filling. The sowing date did not have a noticeable effect on seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight but could significantly impact both spike numbers and grain number, with the coefficient of variation of the former reaching 20.9% and that of the latter being as high as 23.7%. 【Conclusion】Our experimental results showed that under dry cultivation, planting the early-mature japonica between May 10 and May 15, and the late- and the medium-mature japonicas between April 30 and May 5 in central region of Jilin province could increase rice yield when other agronomic managements were the same. |
| Key words: rice cultivation; sowing date; rice variety; agronomic management practice |
