| 引用本文: | 丁紫娟1,徐 洲1,田应兵1,等.再生稻干湿交替灌溉与根区分层施氮减少温室气体排放[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(7):51-58. |
| DING Zijuan1, XU Zhou1, TIAN Yingbing1, LIU Kaiwen1, ZHANG Dingyue1, ZHU Jianqiang1, HOU Jun,DING Zijuan1, XU Zhou1, TIAN Yingbing1, LIU Kaiwen1, ZHANG Dingyue1, ZHU Jianqiang1, HOU Jun,DING Zijuan1, XU Zhou1, TIAN Yingbing1, LIU Kaiwen1, ZHANG Dingyue1, ZHU Jianqiang1, HOU Jun,et al.再生稻干湿交替灌溉与根区分层施氮减少温室气体排放[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(7):51-58. |
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| 再生稻干湿交替灌溉与根区分层施氮减少温室气体排放 |
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丁紫娟1，徐 洲1，田应兵1，刘凯文1，张丁月1，朱建强1，侯 俊
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1.长江大学 农学院/湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心，湖北 荆州 434025；
2.安徽六国化工股份有限公司，安徽 铜陵 244023
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明再生稻优化灌溉与根区分层施氮下温室气体排放与产量的综合响应。【方法】基于静态暗箱–气相色谱法对再生稻进行温室气体排放的田间原位观测，设置2种灌溉模式（常规灌溉和干湿交替灌溉）和5个施肥处理（不施氮，CK；农民常规分次施氮，FFP；一次性根区5cm浅施控释尿素，RF1；一次性根区10 cm深施控释尿素，RF2；一次性根区5 cm和10 cm分层施控释尿素，RF3），研究了再生稻优化灌溉与根区分层施氮对温室气体排放和产量的综合影响。【结果】①常规灌溉模式下，RF1、RF2处理和RF3处理在全生育期的CH4、N2O和CO2排放量比FFP处理分别降低了49%~76%、55%~81%和57%~69%（P<0.05），干湿交替模式下CH4、N2O和CO2排放量比FFP处理分别降低了52%~77%、52%~73%和 61%~75%（P<0.05）。②3种温室气体所引起的GWP（以CO2计，kg/hm2），干湿交替下FFP、RF1、RF2处理和RF3处理的GWP量与常规灌溉相比分别降低了3%、10%、13%和11%（P<0.05）。③2种灌溉模式下RF3处理再生稻产量较FFP处理分别显著提高了7%和11%。【结论】再生稻根区分层施用控释尿素在提高产量的同时对温室气体具有减排作用，而且干湿交替模式节水、增加再生稻产量，也具有一定的减排作用，因此分层施氮与干湿交替协同是实现再生稻种植的轻简化操作的可行措施。 |
| 关键词: 再生稻；灌溉模式；根区施肥；温室气体；全球增温潜势（GWP） |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020288 |
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| Reducing Gas Emissions from Ratooning Rice Field Using Controlled Nitrogen Fertilization and Alternate Wetting-drying Irrigation |
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DING Zijuan1, XU Zhou1, TIAN Yingbing1, LIU Kaiwen1, ZHANG Dingyue1, ZHU Jianqiang1, HOU Jun
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1.College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of
Wet Land Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China; 2.Anhui Liuguo Chemical Co.LTD, Tongling 244023, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and objective】Rice field is an important source of greenhouse gases and how to reduce its gas emissions plays an important role in battling global warming. The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of using controlled nitrogen fertilization and irrigation management to reduce gas emissions from ratooning rice field.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a field using static chambers. In situ gas emissions were measured using gas chromatography. The experiment compared two irrigation methods: conventional irrigation and alternate wetting and drying irrigation, and five controlled nitrogen fertilizations: fertilization used by local farmers (FFP), applying the fertilizers in the root zone at the depth of 5 cm (RF1) and 10 cm (RF2) below the soil surface either separately, or in combination (RF3); no fertilization was taken as the control (CK). 【Result】Compared to FFP, controlled fertilization RF1, RF2 and RF3 reduced emissions of CH4, N2O and CO2 by 49%~76%, 55%~81% and 57%~69% respectively (P<0.05) under conventional irrigation, and by 52%~77%, 52%~73% and 61%~75% respectively (P<0.05) under alternate wetting-drying irrigation. We also found that after changing to alternate wetting-drying irrigation, fertilization FFP, RF1, RF2 and RF3 reduced global warming potential by 3%, 10%, 13% and 11% (P<0.05), respectively, compared with their associated potentials at conventional irrigation. Compared with FFP, controlled fertilization RF3 under conventional and alternate wetting-drying irrigation increased the yield of ratoon rice by 7% and 11%, both at significant level, respectively.【Conclusion】Controlled nitrogen fertilization to the root zone not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also increases rice yield. Apart from saving water, changing from conventional irrigation to alternate wetting and drying irrigation increases yield and reduces greenhouse gas emissions, both at significant levels. Their combination can be used as an improved agronomic practice for ratooning rice production in south China. |
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