| 引用本文: | 张 超,白云岗,柴仲平,等.水肥协同对葡萄果粒生长、产量及品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(7):44-50. |
| ZHANG Chao,BAI Yungang,CHAI Zhongping,et al.水肥协同对葡萄果粒生长、产量及品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(7):44-50. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究滴灌条件下适宜葡萄生长并有利于提高葡萄产量和品质的水肥协同模式。【方法】以多年生“无核白”葡萄为供试对象，设置3个灌水水平（W1：10 950 m3/hm2、W2：9 150 m3/hm2、W3：7 800 m3/hm2）和3个施氮水平（N1：750 kg/hm2、N2：450 kg/hm2、N3：300 kg/hm2），共计9个处理，每个处理重复3次，开展田间水肥协同试验，研究不同水肥耦合模式对葡萄果粒生长发育、产量及品质的影响。【结果】W2N2处理下葡萄外观品质、百粒质量、产量、可溶性固形物量及硬度均优于其他处理，而W2N3处理的固酸比最优，但与W2N2处理差异不显著，W1N1处理葡萄维生素C量最优，并与其他各处理差异显著。【结论】综合考虑葡萄各项指标，W2N2处理（灌水量为9 150 m3/hm2、施氮量为450 kg/hm2）为最优的水肥耦合模式。通过建立水肥输入量与葡萄产量的二元二次回归模型，确定高产的水、肥最适宜用量分别为9 723 m3/hm2、557 kg/hm2，目标产量为38 636.53 kg/hm2。 |
| 关键词: 果粒形态；百粒质量；产量；品质 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021505 |
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| Effects of Fertigation on Growth and Fruit Yield and Quality of Grape |
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ZHANG Chao, BAI Yungang, CHAI Zhongping, LIU Xuhui,
LIU Hongbo, ZHENG Ming, DING Ping, JIANG Zhu
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1. College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. Xinjiang Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Urumqi 830049, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Drip irrigation combined with fertilization has become a standard practice in grape production in Xinjiang, China. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of different combinations of irrigation and fertigation on growth and fruit yield and quality of grape. 【Method】The experiment conducted in a vineyard; it compared three irrigation amounts: 10 950 m3/hm2 (W1), 9 150 m3/hm2 (W2) and 7 800 m3/hm2 (W3), and three fertilizations: 750 kg/hm2 (N1), 450 kg/hm2 (N2) and 300 kg/hm2 (N3). Each treatment had three replicas arranged randomly in the field. In each treatment, we measured the growth, traits of fruit yield and quality. 【Result】Rational combination of irrigation and fertilization improved fruit appearance, 100-fruit weight, and fruit yield and quality. Among all treatments, W2+N2 was optimal in improving fruit appearance, 100-grain weight, fruit yield, soluble solids and hardness of the grape, but less than W2+N3 in increasing the solid-acid ratio in the grape despite the insignificant difference between them. W1+N1 was most effective in increasing vitamin C, and the difference from other treatments was significant. 【Conclusion】Experimental data obtained from all treatments showed that irrigating the grape by 9 150 m3/hm2 of water combined with 450 kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilization was optimal. Further analysis of the experimental data using the binary quadratic regression optimization model showed that the optimal fertigation can be further fine-tuned to irrigation amount of 9 723 m3/hm2 and fertilization of 557 kg/hm2, which increases the fruit yield to 38 636.53 kg/hm2. |
| Key words: accumulative grain morphology; hundred grain weight; production; quality |
